transfusion medicine Flashcards
what are the three components plasma break off into
fresh frozen plasma
cryoprecipitate
fractionation
why is the plasma removed in the 1 unit of blood?
to leave concentrated red cells
what is the usual blood transfusion time
1.30 - 3 hours
why is blood stored at 4 degrees
to prevent the most serious bacteria growing and so patient safety is not compromised
what is pooled platelets
only 1 unit of platelets is from a unit of whole blood therefore 4 - 6 units coming from different donors are pooled together in a single pack
what is apheresis platelets
platelets
platelets are stored at 22 degrees, why and what are the dangers?
can cause dagerous pathogenic bacteria to grow and therefore shelf life for platelets to grow is only five days
what is the therapeutic dose of FFP
12 - 15 mL 4 - 6 units for an average adult
why do we give patients ffp compared to other transfusion products?
we use this to treat significant bleeding in patients with abnormal clottinf and to also coreect abnormal clotting results before procedures.
how do we get cryoprecipitate?
extracted from FPP during the thawing process
what is the main use of cryoprecipitate
mainly used as a source of fibrinogen
what steps were taken after the 4 cases of vCJD?
universal leucodepletion since 1999
import plasma from countries with low incidence
inactivate prions with methylene blue
what is the cause of FNHTR?
due to cytokines or other biologically active molecules that accumulate during storage of blood components?
what is the boiggest cauyse of transfusion related deaths 2010-2016
due to pulmonary complications and of this TACO was the most significant factor
why does acute haemolytic reaction occur?
due to transfusion of RBC to a recipient that has preformed antibodies against antigens that are expressed on the transfused RBC
