Transfusion in practice Flashcards
What are indications for red cell transfusion?
Anaemia
What are indications for platelet transfusion?
Thrombocytponenia
What are indications for fresh frozen plasma transfusion?
Low coagulation factors
What are indications for cryoprecipitate?
Low fibrinogen
What are the most useful things to know for anaemia?
Blood pressure
Pulse
Can group A receive group O plasma safely?
Not completely - plasma will have small amount of anti A
What is the emergency line number for major haemorrhage?
2222 - state “major haemorrhage protocol activation” and location of patient
What is the shelf life of platelets?
7 days
What temperature are platelets stored at?
22C
What is rationale for red cell transfusion?
Prevent or correct severe anaemia that might otherwise cause organ damage
Improve QoL
Prepare patient for surgery or speed up recovery
Reverse damage caused by patient’s own cells
What are indications for platelet transfusion?
Prophylactically or therapeutically to stop bleeding
Dilutional thrombocytopenia
Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery
Disseminated intravascular coagulation if bleeding
Abnormalities of platelet function
What temperature is fresh frozen plasma stored at?
-25C
How long does it take to get FFP to a patient?
Half an hour - has to defrost
What kind of FFP is given to people who are born in 1996 on?
Treated for mad cow disease
What are indications for FFP use?
Replacement of coagulation factors due to major haemorrhage
DIC in presence of bleeding
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Replacement of coagulation factor deficiencies where factor concentrate unavailable
Would you transfuse ffp to a bleeding patient on a DOAC?
No
What temp is cryoprecipitate stored at?
-25C
What is contained in cryoprecipitate?
FVIII, vWF, Fibrinogen, FXIII
What are indications for cryoprecipitate transfusion?
Hypofirbinogenaemia secondary to massive transfusion
DIC with bleeding and fibrinogen<1g/L
Bleeding associated with thrombolytic therapy causing hypofibrinogenaemia
Renal or liver failure and abnormal bleeding
Inherited hypofibrinogenaemia if fibrinogen concentrate unavailable
What are principles for taking blood?
Group and screen/save Cross match Group specific blood Two sample policy 72 hour (10 day) validity Communication with blood bank is key
What unit is blood prescribed in for adults?
Units
What is 1 unit of blood?
What you get from one donation - around 450 mls of blood
What happens if blood is given to quickly?
Circulatory overload
What are risks in transfusion?
Transfusion ABO incompatible Never events - death or near harm Transfusion associated circulatory overload HIV Hep C HBV
