Primary immunosuppression Flashcards
Where do T-lymphocytes develop?
Thymus
Where do B-lymphocytes develop?
Bone marrow
What are consequences of immunodeficiency?
Susceptiblity to infections
Susceptibility to cancer
Increased incidence of autoimmunity
What causes primary immunodeficiency?
Genetic or congenital disorders
What abnormalities can be caused by primary immunodeficiency?
Part of immune system is missing or not functioning properly
Where can abnormalities be in primary immunodeficiency?
Innate immune system
Stages of lymphocyte development
Responses of mature lymphocytes to antigenic stimulation
What happens as a result of agammaglobulinaemias?
Decrease in all serum Ig isotypes
Reduced B cell numbers
What infections are people with B cell deficiency susceptible to vs people with T cell deficiency?
B - Pyogenic bacteria, Enteric bacteria and viruses, some parasites
T - Pneumocystis jiroveci, viruses, atypical mycobacteria, fungi
What are causes of primary immunodeficiency?
Mutations
Polymorphisms
Polygenic disorders
What is a polymorphism?
Change in one of two or more variants of a particular DNA sequence
What is a polygenic disorder?
Disorder caused by combined action of more than one gene
What is SCID?
Severe Combined ImmunoDeficiency - disorders that affect both T and B cells
Is SCID screened for?
Yes
What alleles can cause polymorphic conditions?
Human leukocyte antigen
Mannan-binding lectin
What are common polygenic disorders affecting immunity?
Common variable immunodeficiency
IgA deficiency
Specific antibody deficiency
