transcription and translation Flashcards
why is transcription needed
DNA too large to pass out through the nuclear pores to attach to the ribsomes in the cytoplasm
define transcription
the process where DNA produces pre-MRNA
what are the enzymes used in transcription
Rna polymerase
what two jobs does RNA polymerase do
unzips the DNA helicase - braking the hydrogen bonds
catalyses the condensation of phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides
what happens when rna polymerase unzips the helix
hydrogen bonds break
what happens to the exposed h bonds
free RNA nucleotide will base pair with complementary bases
how do the nucleotides bond
rna polymerase catalyses a condensation reaction of phosphodiester bonds between base pairs
what bonds form between base pairs
phosphodiester
what does this lead to
splicing
what is splicing
removing introns
what does removing the introns form
mature MRNA
what is translation
where Mrna is turned into proteins
where does translation occur
in a ribsome
what happens in the ribsome
ribsome binds to MRNA and attaches to start codon
what then moves toward the ribsome
Trna molecule