Transcription and translation

Question 1

What are the nucleotides?

Answer 1

A,T,G,C

Question 2

What happens in transcription?

Answer 2

1. RNA polymerase opens up the double helix, reads the nucleotide and makes another strand
2. One side of the strand is coding and the other is template, so the RNA polymerase reads the template strand and makes a oppsoing nucleotide for it (U- A)
3. MRNA is made and the double helix is closed up
4. Splicing is when some nucleotides are chopped off. They are called introns the ones that atre connected are called extrons

Question 3

What happens in translation?

Answer 3

1.MRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to the ribsomes in the cytosol.
2.The ribsomes only reads through 3 nucleotides at a time
3.TRNA has an anti sense codon which has 3 nulceotides that are spat out as methionine to the ribosomes
4.Strands is snapped off revealing an amino acid which is folded into a protein (Mutation caused- UV light and chemical changes to the nucleotides can make the protein not work properly)