Cytoskeleton

Question 1

What are the three types of cytoskeleton?

Answer 1

1. Actin Microfilaments
2. Intermediate filaments
3. Microtubles

Question 2

What is the function of actin (Microfilaments)?

Answer 2

1. Action bind to myosin which leads to muscle contraction and relaxation
2. Cytokinesis of the mitosis- 2 cells together, actin has a ring around the cells which break them up into 2 daugther cells
   3.Diapedesis of WBCs- white blood cells want to leave the blood to go to the tissue, so actin polarises and changes the shape of the cell so that it is able to squeeze through the cell capsules
   4.Phagocytosis- Actin in WBCs make pseudopods(Little arms) that engulf the pathogen.

Question 3

What is the function of the intermediate filament?

Answer 3

Tough and dont move
1. A protein in the cell binds to the extracellular matrix (cell to matrix)
2. One protein in each cell binds to each together (Cell to cell anchor)
3. A protein binds to organelle inside the cell (Anchor cell to organelles)

Question 4

What is the function of the microtubles?

Answer 4

There are 2 proteins which are alpha tublin and beta tublin
1.Intracellular transport- 2 motor proteins dynein and kinase bind to the organelles and vesicles ( in and out ) and transport them to where they need to go using ATP.
2.Cell divison- Microtubles click to the kinechores in the centrome which depolarises and separates it from a chromosome to sister chromatids
3.Cell extension- 2 bases cilia and flagella making beating motions ( Cilia in the respiratory trcat to remove mucus and in the fallopian tube to move the ovum) ( Flagella in sperm to move to the 2nd oocyte)