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Clinical Chemistry II > Toxicology MCQ > Flashcards

Toxicology MCQ Flashcards

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1
Q

The Trinder reaction is widely used for the colorimetric determination of

A

Salicyclate

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2
Q

Reinsch test can detect poisoning

A

Arsenic

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3
Q

The confirmatory method for identification of drugs in body fluids is

A

GC-MS

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4
Q

Which of the following serum components is able to alter the free drug level in plasma?

A

Albumin

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5
Q

All of the following statements are true regarding drug distribution patterns except
A. Drug metabolism is slower in newborn thana dults.
B. Drug metabolism ismore rapid for 6-year old children than for adults.
C.Renal clearance of drugs is faster in newborn than adults.
D. Drug metabolism often changes during pubescence.

A

C.Renal clearance of drugs is faster in newborn than adults.

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6
Q

When is a blood sample for the determination of the trough level of a drug appropriately drawn?

A

shortly before drug administration

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7
Q

Free drug levels can generally be determined by analyzing what body fluid?

A

Plasma ultrafiltrate

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8
Q

An epileptic patient receiving phenytoin develops acute glomerulonephritis (AGN). What change, if any, would be expected in the patient’s circulating drug level?

A

increase in free drug

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9
Q

In what form must a drug be in order to elicit a pharmacologic response?

A

Free

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10
Q

What are the approximate half-life periods for a serum drug concentration to reach 97-99% of the steady- state?

A

5-7

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11
Q

The first-pass effect after oral administration occurs in the

A

Liver

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12
Q

The study of what the body does to the drug is

A

Pharmacokinetics

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13
Q

The route of drug administration with 100% bioavailability is via

A

IV

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14
Q

The study of what the drug does to the body is

A

Pharmacodynamics

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15
Q

The route of drug administration with the least bioavailability is via

A

Rectal

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16
Q

The study of drug action or effects is

A

Pharmacodynamics

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17
Q

The painless route of drug administration is via

A

Intranasal

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18
Q

Which of the following drugs is used as bronchodilator?

A

Theophylline

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19
Q

What is the active metabolite of the antiarrhythmic drug procainamide?

A

NAPA

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20
Q

What is the recommended name for diphenylhydantoin?

A

Phenytoin

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21
Q

Which of the following is an example of a phenothiazine drug?

A

Chlorpromazine

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22
Q

Which of the following is used to treat manic depression?

A

Lithium

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23
Q

What is the major active metabolite of the anticonvulsant drug primidone?

A

PEMA

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24
Q

Which of the following is the most commonly encountered xanthine that could potentially interfere with the determination of theophylline?

A

Caffeine

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25
Which of the following drugs is used as an anti-cancer?
Methotrexate
26
Acetaminophen is particularly toxic to what organ?
Liver
27
Anticoagulated whole blood is the preferred specimen in determining exposure to what compound?
Carbon monoxide
28
Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels are useful as a screening method for exposure to which of the following metals?
Lead
29
The identification of the urinary metabolite ecgonine would be useful in determining exposure to which of the following drugs?
Cocaine
30
9 THC is the principal active component of what drug?
Marijuana
31
Reinsch’s test is used to screen urine for toxic concentrations of all of the following except A. bismuth B. arsenic C. mercury D. cyanide
Cyanide
32
Which of the following methods would yield reliable quantification of ethanol in the presence of other alcohols?
Gas liquid chromatography
33
Levels of 8-9% Hb-CO saturation of whole blood are commonly found in which of the following situations?
Cigarette smokers
34
Bioavailability of a drug refers to the:
The fraction of the drug absorbed into the systemic circulation
35
The drugs secobarbital & amobarbital are classified as:
Acidic drugs
36
Zinc protoporphyrin or free erythrocyte protoporphyrin measurement are useful to assess blood concentrations of:
Leas
37
The most widely employed screening technique for drug abuse is:
Thin layer chromatography
38
Lithium therapy is widely used in the treatment of:
Manic-depression
39
A drug that relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchial passages is:
Albuterol
40
A cardiac glycoside that is used in the treatment of congenital heart failure and arrhythmias by increasing the force and velocity of myocardial contraction is:
Digoxin
41
wood alcohol; produces metabolic acidosis
Methanol
42
basophilic stippling in RBCs; produce hypochromic anemia
Lead
43
presence of CaOx crystals in urine;anti-freeze
Ethylene glycol
44
the most common toxic substance
Ethanol
45
measurement of carboxyHb; cherry red face
Carbon monoxide
46
assay of CHS & AcCHS; affects parasympathetic nerves
Organophosphate
47
garlic odor of breath; positive Reinsch test
Arsenic
48
may result to hemosiderosis
Iron
49
measurement of HiCN; breath with odor of bitter almonds
Cyanide
50
dimercaprol or penicillamine can be used as treatment
Mercury
51
Which of the following drugs is used as bronchodilator?
Leukotriene
52
What is the active metabolite of the primidone?
PEMA
53
Which of the following compounds has antitussive property?
Codeine
54
What is the brand name for haloperidol?
Haldol
55
Which of the following is an example of antiepileptic drug?
Carbamazepine
56
Which of the following is an used to treat manic depression?
Li2CO3
57
Methylxanthine is the metabolite of which of the following drugs:
Theophylline
58
Which of the following can be used to treat arrhythmias?
NAPA
59
Which of the following is the most commonly encountered xanthine that could potentially interfere with the determination of theophylline?
Caffeine
60
Which of the following drugs is used as analgesic?
Morphine
61
Which of the following is an antiarrhythmic drug with a metabolite with the same function?
Procainamide
62
Increased trough levels of aminoglycosides in the serum are often associated with toxic effects to what organ?
Kidney
63
Which of the following is an example of a intermediate -acting barbiturate?
Amobarbital
64
Acetaminophen is particularly toxic to what organ?
Liver
65
Heroin is synthesized from what drug?
Morphine
66
After absorption, codeine is metabolized to what compound?
Morphine
67
Reinsch’s test is used to screen urine for toxic concentrations of all of the following except A. bismuth B. arsenic C. mercury D. cyanide
Cyanide
68
Which of the following tests would be particularly useful in determining exposure to isopropanol?
serum osmolality and urine acetone
69
Which of the following methods would yield reliable quantification of ethanol in the presence of other alcohols?
Ga liquid chromatography
70
Levels of 8-9% Hb-CO saturation of whole blood are commonly found in which of the following situations?
Cigarette smokers
71
A urine screening test for porphobilinogen is positive. The MOST likely disease state is:
Lead poisoning
72
Bioavailability of a drug refers to the:
The fraction of the drug absorbed into the systemic circulation.
73
The cyclic antidepressants are classified as:
Basic drugs
74
Zinc protoporphyrin or free erythrocyte protoporphyrin measurement are useful to assess blood concentrations of:
Lead
75
Gas chromatography with the nitrogen/phosphorus detector is the most commonly used technique for the analysis of:
Ethyl alcohol
76
The most widely employed screening technique for drug abuse is:
Thin layer chromatography
77
THC is a metabolite of:
Marijuana
78
Lithium therapy is widely used in the treatment of:
Manic-depression
79
The anticonvulsant used to control tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures is:
Phenytoin
80
A drug that relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchial passages is:
Theophylline
81
A cardiac glycoside that is used in the treatment of congenital heart failure and arrhythmias by increasing the force and velocity of myocardial contraction is:
Digoxin
82
A carbonate salt used to control manic-depressive disorders is:
Lithium
83
Which of the following elevates carboxyhemoglobin?
exposure to carbon monoxide
84
The reason carbon monoxide is so toxic is because it:
has 200 times the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin binding sites
85
When the clinical response does not agree with total drug concentration, free drug levels may be of clinical use in all of the following cases, EXCEPT: A. uremia B. hypoalbuminemia C.ingestion of the drugs D.patient noncompliance
D.patient noncompliance
86
Testing for the diagnosis of lead poisoning should include:
analysis of morning urine for delta-aminolevulinicacid
87
The main reason for suboptimal drug levels in therapeutic monitoring is:
Improper dosage prescribed
88
About 90% of phenytoin is excreted in the urine as:
Phenobarbital
89
Nortriptyline is a metabolite of:
Amitriptyline
90
Cocaine is metabolized to:
Benzoylecgonine
91
a drug has a half-life of 7 hours, how many doses given at 7-hour intervals does it usually take to achieve a steady state or plateau level?
5
92
A analgesic that alleviates pain without causing loss of consciousness is:
Acetaminophen
93
Thin-layer chromatography is of particular use in the identification of:
Drugs
94
A blood sample was received from the emergency room with a request for narcotic analysis. The request slip indicated that the patient (a known heroin addict) responded to naloxone administration. The serum was negative for morphine by EIA. What other tests should be performed in assessing suspected opiate abuse?
Methaquaalone
95
After adding 8 drops of 10% ferric chloride to 5 ml of urine, the mixture develops a stable deep red purple color. This is presumptive evidence of:
Salicyclates
96
Four children are admitted with malaise, anorexia and abdominal pain. Further evaluations reveal mild anemia, erythrocyte basophilic stippling and profound pica habits. Poisoning by which heavy metal is most likely responsible?
Lead
97
The most toxic among the alcohols is
Methyl alcohol
98
Production of alcoholic beverages by fermentation is probably among the first chemical processes employed by humans. Alcohol concentration is commonly described as the proof number. Nineteenth-century fur traders lacking testing equipment could determine proof of spirit. They would pour a small amount of black gunpowder onto a stump, add some of the alcohol, and set it afire. If the alcohol were at least 50% (v/v), the gunpowder would ignite after the liquid burned off and the preparation was described as 100 proof. Suppose that a certain whiskey were 45% (v/v). The alcohol proof number would be:
90
99
The most toxic among the arsenicals is the gaseous
Arsine

Clinical Chemistry II (45 decks)

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