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Clinical Chemistry II > Toxicology MCQ > Flashcards

Toxicology MCQ Flashcards

1
Q

The Trinder reaction is widely used for the colorimetric determination of

A

Salicyclate

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2
Q

Reinsch test can detect poisoning

A

Arsenic

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3
Q

The confirmatory method for identification of drugs in body fluids is

A

GC-MS

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4
Q

Which of the following serum components is able to alter the free drug level in plasma?

A

Albumin

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5
Q

All of the following statements are true regarding drug distribution patterns except
A. Drug metabolism is slower in newborn thana dults.
B. Drug metabolism ismore rapid for 6-year old children than for adults.
C.Renal clearance of drugs is faster in newborn than adults.
D. Drug metabolism often changes during pubescence.

A

C.Renal clearance of drugs is faster in newborn than adults.

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6
Q

When is a blood sample for the determination of the trough level of a drug appropriately drawn?

A

shortly before drug administration

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7
Q

Free drug levels can generally be determined by analyzing what body fluid?

A

Plasma ultrafiltrate

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8
Q

An epileptic patient receiving phenytoin develops acute glomerulonephritis (AGN). What change, if any, would be expected in the patient’s circulating drug level?

A

increase in free drug

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9
Q

In what form must a drug be in order to elicit a pharmacologic response?

A

Free

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10
Q

What are the approximate half-life periods for a serum drug concentration to reach 97-99% of the steady- state?

A

5-7

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11
Q

The first-pass effect after oral administration occurs in the

A

Liver

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12
Q

The study of what the body does to the drug is

A

Pharmacokinetics

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13
Q

The route of drug administration with 100% bioavailability is via

A

IV

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14
Q

The study of what the drug does to the body is

A

Pharmacodynamics

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15
Q

The route of drug administration with the least bioavailability is via

A

Rectal

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16
Q

The study of drug action or effects is

A

Pharmacodynamics

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17
Q

The painless route of drug administration is via

A

Intranasal

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18
Q

Which of the following drugs is used as bronchodilator?

A

Theophylline

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19
Q

What is the active metabolite of the antiarrhythmic drug procainamide?

A

NAPA

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20
Q

What is the recommended name for diphenylhydantoin?

A

Phenytoin

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21
Q

Which of the following is an example of a phenothiazine drug?

A

Chlorpromazine

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22
Q

Which of the following is used to treat manic depression?

A

Lithium

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23
Q

What is the major active metabolite of the anticonvulsant drug primidone?

A

PEMA

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24
Q

Which of the following is the most commonly encountered xanthine that could potentially interfere with the determination of theophylline?

A

Caffeine

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25
Q

Which of the following drugs is used as an anti-cancer?

A

Methotrexate

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26
Q

Acetaminophen is particularly toxic to what organ?

A

Liver

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27
Q

Anticoagulated whole blood is the preferred specimen in determining exposure to what compound?

A

Carbon monoxide

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28
Q

Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels are useful as a screening method for exposure to which of the following metals?

A

Lead

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29
Q

The identification of the urinary metabolite ecgonine would be useful in determining exposure to which of the following drugs?

A

Cocaine

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30
Q

9 THC is the principal active component of what drug?

A

Marijuana

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31
Q

Reinsch’s test is used to screen urine for toxic concentrations of all of the following except
A. bismuth B. arsenic C. mercury D. cyanide

A

Cyanide

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32
Q

Which of the following methods would yield reliable quantification of ethanol in the presence of other alcohols?

A

Gas liquid chromatography

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33
Q

Levels of 8-9% Hb-CO saturation of whole blood are commonly found in which of the following situations?

A

Cigarette smokers

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34
Q

Bioavailability of a drug refers to the:

A

The fraction of the drug absorbed into the systemic circulation

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35
Q

The drugs secobarbital & amobarbital are classified as:

A

Acidic drugs

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36
Q

Zinc protoporphyrin or free erythrocyte protoporphyrin measurement are useful to assess blood concentrations of:

A

Leas

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37
Q

The most widely employed screening technique for drug abuse is:

A

Thin layer chromatography

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38
Q

Lithium therapy is widely used in the treatment of:

A

Manic-depression

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39
Q

A drug that relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchial passages is:

A

Albuterol

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40
Q

A cardiac glycoside that is used in the treatment of congenital heart failure and arrhythmias by increasing the force and velocity of myocardial contraction is:

41
Q

wood alcohol; produces metabolic acidosis

42
Q

basophilic stippling in RBCs; produce hypochromic anemia

43
Q

presence of CaOx crystals in urine;anti-freeze

A

Ethylene glycol

44
Q

the most common toxic substance

45
Q

measurement of carboxyHb; cherry red face

A

Carbon monoxide

46
Q

assay of CHS & AcCHS; affects parasympathetic nerves

A

Organophosphate

47
Q

garlic odor of breath; positive Reinsch test

48
Q

may result to hemosiderosis

49
Q

measurement of HiCN; breath with odor of bitter almonds

50
Q

dimercaprol or penicillamine can be used as treatment

51
Q

Which of the following drugs is used as bronchodilator?

A

Leukotriene

52
Q

What is the active metabolite of the primidone?

53
Q

Which of the following compounds has antitussive property?

54
Q

What is the brand name for haloperidol?

55
Q

Which of the following is an example of antiepileptic drug?

A

Carbamazepine

56
Q

Which of the following is an used to treat manic depression?

57
Q

Methylxanthine is the metabolite of which of the following drugs:

A

Theophylline

58
Q

Which of the following can be used to treat arrhythmias?

59
Q

Which of the following is the most commonly encountered xanthine that could potentially interfere with the determination of theophylline?

60
Q

Which of the following drugs is used as analgesic?

61
Q

Which of the following is an antiarrhythmic drug with a metabolite with the same function?

A

Procainamide

62
Q

Increased trough levels of aminoglycosides in the serum are often associated with toxic effects to what organ?

63
Q

Which of the following is an example of a intermediate -acting barbiturate?

A

Amobarbital

64
Q

Acetaminophen is particularly toxic to what organ?

65
Q

Heroin is synthesized from what drug?

66
Q

After absorption, codeine is metabolized to what compound?

67
Q

Reinsch’s test is used to screen urine for toxic concentrations of all of the following except
A. bismuth
B. arsenic
C. mercury
D. cyanide

68
Q

Which of the following tests would be particularly useful in determining exposure to isopropanol?

A

serum osmolality and urine acetone

69
Q

Which of the following methods would yield reliable quantification of ethanol in the presence of other alcohols?

A

Ga liquid chromatography

70
Q

Levels of 8-9% Hb-CO saturation of whole blood are commonly found in which of the following situations?

A

Cigarette smokers

71
Q

A urine screening test for porphobilinogen is positive. The MOST likely disease state is:

A

Lead poisoning

72
Q

Bioavailability of a drug refers to the:

A

The fraction of the drug absorbed into the systemic circulation.

73
Q

The cyclic antidepressants are classified as:

A

Basic drugs

74
Q

Zinc protoporphyrin or free erythrocyte protoporphyrin measurement are useful to assess blood concentrations of:

75
Q

Gas chromatography with the nitrogen/phosphorus detector is the most commonly used technique for the analysis of:

A

Ethyl alcohol

76
Q

The most widely employed screening technique for drug abuse is:

A

Thin layer chromatography

77
Q

THC is a metabolite of:

78
Q

Lithium therapy is widely used in the treatment of:

A

Manic-depression

79
Q

The anticonvulsant used to control tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures is:

80
Q

A drug that relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchial passages is:

A

Theophylline

81
Q

A cardiac glycoside that is used in the treatment of congenital heart failure and arrhythmias by increasing the force and velocity of myocardial contraction is:

82
Q

A carbonate salt used to control manic-depressive disorders is:

83
Q

Which of the following elevates carboxyhemoglobin?

A

exposure to carbon monoxide

84
Q

The reason carbon monoxide is so toxic is because it:

A

has 200 times the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin binding sites

85
Q

When the clinical response does not agree with total drug concentration, free drug levels may be of clinical use in all of the following cases, EXCEPT:
A. uremia
B. hypoalbuminemia
C.ingestion of the drugs
D.patient noncompliance

A

D.patient noncompliance

86
Q

Testing for the diagnosis of lead poisoning should include:

A

analysis of morning urine for delta-aminolevulinicacid

87
Q

The main reason for suboptimal drug levels in therapeutic monitoring is:

A

Improper dosage prescribed

88
Q

About 90% of phenytoin is excreted in the urine as:

A

Phenobarbital

89
Q

Nortriptyline is a metabolite of:

A

Amitriptyline

90
Q

Cocaine is metabolized to:

A

Benzoylecgonine

91
Q

a drug has a half-life of 7 hours, how many doses given at 7-hour intervals does it usually take to achieve a steady state or plateau level?

92
Q

A analgesic that alleviates pain without causing loss of consciousness is:

A

Acetaminophen

93
Q

Thin-layer chromatography is of particular use in the identification of:

94
Q

A blood sample was received from the emergency room with a request for narcotic analysis. The request slip indicated that the patient (a known heroin addict) responded to naloxone administration. The serum was negative for morphine by EIA. What other tests should be performed in assessing suspected opiate abuse?

A

Methaquaalone

95
Q

After adding 8 drops of 10% ferric chloride to 5 ml of urine, the mixture develops a stable deep red purple color. This is presumptive evidence of:

A

Salicyclates

96
Q

Four children are admitted with malaise, anorexia and abdominal pain. Further evaluations reveal mild anemia, erythrocyte basophilic stippling and profound pica habits. Poisoning by which heavy metal is most likely responsible?

97
Q

The most toxic among the alcohols is

A

Methyl alcohol

98
Q

Production of alcoholic beverages by fermentation is probably among the first chemical processes employed by humans. Alcohol concentration is commonly described as the proof number. Nineteenth-century fur traders lacking testing equipment could determine proof of spirit. They would pour a small amount of black gunpowder onto a stump, add some of the alcohol, and set it afire. If the alcohol were at least 50% (v/v), the gunpowder would ignite after the liquid burned off and the preparation was described as 100 proof. Suppose that a certain whiskey were 45% (v/v). The alcohol proof number would be:

99
Q

The most toxic among the arsenicals is the gaseous

Clinical Chemistry II (45 decks)

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