Toxicology Flashcards
What type of inhibition does Lead have with Calcium, Zinc and Iron?
Competitive
Acute exposure causes predominantly GI symptoms while chronic causes encephalopathy with anemia showing basophilic stippling.
Lead
Which of the following is the most sensitive test for acute Pb poisoning? A. Free erythrocyte protophorphyrin B. Long bone x-ray C. Peripheral blood smear D . Urinary corproporphyrin
A. Free erythrocyte protophorphyrin
What is the pathognomonic finding of Pb toxicity on xray of long bones?
Lead lines: transverse bands in the epiphyseal ends
What is the pharmacologic treatment for acute Pb poisoning?
DMSA, Penicillimine
A component of anti-freeze which may cause HAGMA and ATN in attempted overdose.
Ethylene glycol
What is the most common neurologic presentation of Pb in children? A. Behavioral impairment B. Intractable headache C. Paresthesia D. Tremor
A. Behavioral impairment (plus decreased intelligence)
Its mechanism of action is to inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase complex via binding to the sulfhydryl group of dihydrolipoamide.
Arsenic
The most common chemical carcinogen in skin cancer.
Arsenic
What is the most common cause of death in arsenic poisoning?
Hemoglobinuric nephrosis
It causes acroosteolysis manifested as resorption and spontaneous fracture of the distal phalanges.
Polyvinyl chloride
Give the two enzymes that are inhibited by Pb during porphyrin metabolism.
ALA dehydratase
Ferrochelatase
What is the causative chemical in Minimata disease?
Mercury
What is the best measure of the seriousness of hydrogen sulfide exposure?
Severity of symptoms
What compound is given to induce methemoglobinemia in patients with hydrogen sulfide poisoning?
Sodium nitrite
