Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Tina's Deck of Knowledge 😅 > IM Plat- Cardiology > Flashcards

IM Plat- Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Defined as a persistently elevated blood pressure of >140/90 mmHg despite taking >3 anti-hypertensive agents including a diuretic.

A

Resistant hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

PE finding in patients with cardiac tamponade wherein the systolic BP falls by >10 mmHg with inspiration.

A

Pulsus paradoxus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

PE finding in patients with pericardial effusion auscultated as a patch of dullness and increased fremitus below the left scapula.

A

Ewart’s sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Triads: Virchow’s triad

A

Stasis
Endothelial injury
Hypercoagulable state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A PE finding in patients with AI seen as alternate flushing and paling of the skin at the root of the bail while pressure is applied to the tip of the nail.

A

Quincke’s pulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Triads: Wolff-Parkinson White syndrome

A

Widened QRS complex
Short PR interval
Delta wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the most common cause of CHF in industrialized countries?

A

Coronary artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the accepted and unifying hypothesis in the pathophysiology of Metabolic syndrome?

A

Insulin resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the loading dose of aspirin in the management of ACS? maintenance dose?

A

LD: 162-325 mg/day
MD: 72-162 mg/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the major site of atherosclerotic disease?

A

Epicardial arteries (most common: LAD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the major site of atherosclerotic disease?

A

Epicardial arteries (most common: LAD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the usual duration of hospitalization for uncomplicated STEMI?

A

5 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two cardinal symptoms of heart failure?

A

Shortness of breath and fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a cost-effective diagnostic test to identify non-cardiac causes of heart failure symptoms?

A

Chest xray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Triads: Dressler’s syndrome

A

Fever, pleuritic pain, pericardial effusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 2 cornerstone of modern heart failure treatment?

A

ACE-inhibitors and Beta blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the most common artery involved in focal spasms of Prinzmetal angina?

A

Right coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

This is an increase in the intensity of the holosystolic murmur of tricuspid regurgitation with inspiration seen in patients with cor pulmonale.

A

Carvallo’s sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the most common artery involved in focal spasms of Prinzmetal angina?

A

Right coronary artery

19
Q

Give the 2 absolute contraindications to nitrate use.

A

Hypotension

Use of sildenafil or similar drugs in prev. 24-48 hrs

20
Q

Give the 2 absolute contraindications to nitrate use.

A

Hypotension

Use of sildenafil or similar drugs in prev. 24-48 hrs

21
Q

What are the indications for coronary artery bypass grafting?

A
  1. 3-vessel CAD
  2. 2-vessel CAD with involvement of LAD
  3. > 50% stenosis of the left main coronary artery
22
Q

When is the best time to measure cardiac troponins in patients with suspected ACS?

A

12 hours after occurrence of first symptoms

23
Q

What is the alternative drug used to maintain cardiac contractility in patients with contraindications to beta-blockers?

A

Non-DHP CCB (Verapamil, Diltiazem)

24
Q

What is the most common cause of out-of-hospital deaths in patients with STEMI?

A

Ventricular fibrillation

25
Q

What are the 2 indications for fibrinolysis?

A

STEMI and new onset LBBB

25
Q

In the supportive care of patients with STEMI, careful ambulation in the room may start on what day post-MI?

A

Day 2

27
Q

Most complications of MI have a bimodal peak and occurs within _____.

A

1-14 days

27
Q

What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock?

A

Severe LV dysfunction

29
Q

What vasopressor should you administer to a patient with acute pulmonary edema with SBP

A

Dobutamine 2-20 mcg/kg/min IV

30
Q

What vasopressor should you administer to a patient with acute pulmonary edema with SBP

A

NE 0.5-30 mcg/min IV or

Dopamine 5-15 mcg/kg/min

31
Q

What is the hallmark of carditis in patients with rheumatic fever?

A

Valvular damage

32
Q

Duration of prophylaxis for patients with RF with mild carditis.

A

10 years after last attack or until 21 years old

33
Q

Duration of prophylaxis for patients with RF with moderate to severe carditis.

A

10 years after last attack or until 40 years old

33
Q

It is a form of endocarditis resulting from hypercoagulable state.

A

Marantic endocarditis

34
Q

What is the most specific presentation of rheumatic fever?

A

Syndenham chorea

35
Q

Blood cultures of a patient with IE showed growth of MSSA. What is the antibiotic of choice and its duration?

A

Nafcillin or Oxacillin x 4-6 weeks

36
Q

Blood cultures of a patient with IE showed growth of MRSA. What is the antibiotic of choice and its duration?

A

Vancomycin x 4-6 weeks

37
Q

Blood cultures of a 43-yr old female with prosthetic valve IE showed growth of Staph aureus. What is the antibiotic of choice and its duration?

A

Vancomycin x 4-6 weeks +
Gentamicin x 2 weeks +
Rifampin x 6-8 weeks

38
Q

What is the normal ABI?

A

> 1.0

39
Q

What is the most common symptom of peripheral artery disease?

A

Intermittent claudication

40
Q

Triads: Buerger’s disease

A

Claudication
Raynaud’s phenomenon
Migratory superficial vein thrombophlebitis

41
Q

What is the most common cause of midsystolic murmur in adults?

A

Aortic stenosis

42
Q

What is the most common cause of midsystolic murmur in adults?

A

Aortic stenosis

43
Q

What is the most common congenital cardiovascular cause of hypertension?

A

Coarctation of the aorta

45
Q

What is the most common complication of angioplasty?

A

Restenosis

Tina's Deck of Knowledge 😅 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions