IM Plat- Neurology

Question 1

What is the most common etiology of ischemic strokes?

Answer 1

Atherothrombotic

Question 2

What is the golden period of rTPA administration in patients with ischemic stroke?

Answer 2

within 3.5 hours of stroke onset

Question 3

What pharmacologic drug if given within the 1st 24 hours of stroke promises to increase the probability of global recovery by 30% at 3 months?

Answer 3

Citicholine

Question 4

What is the target MAP in patients with hemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 4

110-130 mmHg

Question 5

What type of seizure involves sudden loss of postural muscle tone lasting 1-2 seconds with brief impairment of consciousness?

Answer 5

Atonic seizures

Question 6

What type of seizure most commonly results from metabolic derangements?

Answer 6

Generalized tonic clonic seizure

Question 7

During this phase in grand mal seizures, muscular flaccidity, excessive salivation and bladder/bowel incontinence occurs.

Answer 7

Post-ictal phase

Question 8

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults more than 20 years old?

Answer 8

S. pneumoniae

Question 9

DOC for bacterial meningitis caused by Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus

Answer 9

Nafcillin

Question 10

Neurotransmitter: Found in the substantia nigra and is responsible for fine-tuning of movements

Answer 10

Dopamine

Question 11

Neurotransmitter: Found in the locus ceruleus and is responsible for arousal and wakefulness

Answer 11

Norepinephrine

Question 12

Triad: West Syndrome

Answer 12

infantile spasms, developmental retardation or regression, and hypsarrhythmia on electroencephalogram

Question 13

Electroencephalography shows a normal background for age and 3-Hz generalized spike and wave discharges.

Answer 13

Absence seizure

Question 14

Electroencephalography shows a normal background with frequent generalized polyspike and wave discharges that may be anteriorly dominant or diffuse.

Answer 14

Myoclonic seizure

Question 15

EEG in affected patients shows an abnormally SLOW background and diffuse SLOW spike waves

Answer 15

Lennox-Gestault syndrome

Question 16

What are the only established risk factors for primary brain tumors?

Answer 16

Exposure to ionizing radiation and immunosuppression

Question 17

What are the 2 most common primary sources of brain metastases?

Answer 17

Lung and breast carcinoma

Question 18

Where is the most common location of brain metastates?

Answer 18

Gray matter-white matter junction

Question 19

What is the standard mode of treatment for brain metastases?

Answer 19

Whole-brain RT

Question 20

What is the gold standard for diagnosing leptomeningeal metastases?

Answer 20

Demonstration of tumor cells in the CSF

Question 21

What is the most common dose-limiting toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents?

Answer 21

Myelosuppression (Neurotoxicity is 2nd)

Question 22

What is the most commonly involved cranial mononeuropathy in patients with DM?

Answer 22

CN VII (followed by CN III)

Question 23

DOC for patients with mixed seizure types

Answer 23

Valproic acid

Question 24

What is the most common systemic disorder that causes chorea?

Answer 24

SLE

Question 25

What is the most common site of intracranial hypertensive hemorrhage?

Answer 25

Putamen

Question 26

A 40-year old female came in for RAI uptake and thyroid scan due to a palpable bilateral thyroid gland. RAI uptake revealed focal areas of increased uptake with suppressed tracer uptake in the remainder of the gland. What is your most likely diagnosis?

Answer 26

Toxic Adenoma

Question 27

An 18-year old female came in for RAI uptake and thyroid scan due to a painful, bilateral thyroid gland. History revealed a preceding URTI a week prior to the appearance of the palpable thyroid mass. RAI uptake revealed homogeneously, very low uptake. What is your most likely diagnosis?

Answer 27

Subacute thyroiditis

Question 28

What is the loading dose of PTU in the management of thyroid storm?

Answer 28

600-1000 mg