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Chemistry Module 2 > Toxicology > Flashcards

Toxicology Flashcards

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1
Q

Cotinine

A

Other drugs of abuse

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2
Q

Amphentamine

A

Stimulants

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3
Q

Opiates

A

Narcotics

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4
Q

Nortriptyline

A

Tricyclic Antidepressants

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5
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Analgesics

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6
Q

Lysergic acid diethyl amide (LSD)

A

Hallucinogens

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7
Q

Desipramine

A

Tricyclic Antidepressants

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8
Q

Ketamine

A

Other drugs of abuse

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9
Q

MDMA (Ecstasy)

A

Stimulants

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10
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Depressants

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11
Q

Cannabinoids (THC)

A

Hallucinogens

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12
Q

Imipramine

A

Tricyclic Antidepressants

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13
Q

Acetylsalicylic acid

A

Analgesics

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14
Q

Methadone

A

Narcotics

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15
Q

Cocaine

A

Stimulants

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16
Q

Short- and long acting barbiturates

A

Depressants

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17
Q

Phenothiazines

A

Other drugs of abuse

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18
Q

Amitriptyline

A

Tricyclic Antidepressants

19
Q

Phencyclidine (PCP)

A

Hallucinogens

20
Q

Buprenorphine

A

Narcotics

21
Q

Methamphetamines

A

Stimulants

22
Q

How does carbon monoxide poisoning cause cause its clinical effects?

A

Dosage makes a difference; it holds on to hemoglobin more than oxygen so it cannot transport oxygen

23
Q

How do you calculate a percent alcohol concentration from a result of mg/dL?

A
  • Divide alcohol (ETOH) in serum (mg/dL) by 1000

- Can use a breathalyzer result x 1000 = ETOH in mg/dL

24
Q

toxic metabolite of ethanol

A

acetaldehyde

25
Q

toxic metabolites of methanol

A

formaldehyde and formic acid

26
Q

toxic metabolite of isopropanol

A

acetone

27
Q

toxic metabolites of ethylene glycol

A

oxalic acid and formic acid

28
Q

Osmolal gap, anion gap, metabolic acidosis, acetone, and urinary oxalate crystals results for:
-Methanol

A

O: increased/A: Increased/M:Present/Ace: Negative/Crys: None

29
Q

Osmolal gap, anion gap, metabolic acidosis, acetone, and urinary oxalate crystals results for:
-Isopropanol

A

O: Increased/A: Normal/M: No/Ace: Positive/Crys:None

30
Q

Osmolal gap, anion gap, metabolic acidosis, acetone, and urinary oxalate crystals results for:
-Ehanol

A

O: Increased/ A: Normal/ M: No/ Ace: Negative/ Crys: None

31
Q

Osmolal gap, anion gap, metabolic acidosis, acetone, and urinary oxalate crystals results for:
-Ethylene glycol

A

O: Increased/ A: Increased/ M: Present/ Ace: Negative/ Crys: Present

32
Q

In volatile ingestion the anion gap is _________ if metabolized to acids

A

increased

33
Q

When metabolysis to acids occurs it lowers the ______

A

pH

34
Q

Who is prone to aluminum toxicity?

A

Dialysis and renal failure patients

35
Q

sources of lead in lead poisoning

A

heavy metal found in environment; lead based paint, dirt, lead crystal, lead pipes, ceramics

36
Q

Biosynthetic pathway inhibited in lead poisoning

A

Heme synthesis

37
Q

Five typical laboratory results seen in lead poisoning

A

increased blood lead, increased retics, basophilic stippling, increased Delta-ALA, and increased Zinc protoporphyrin

38
Q

Enzyme that decreases in organophosphate and carbamate poisoning

A

acetylcholinesterase

39
Q

six categories (plus maybe 1) of drugs of abuse

A

Stimulants, Depressants, Narcotics, Hallucinogens, Analgesics, Anti-depressants, (and Alcohol)

40
Q

Sixteen drugs that are typically included in a drug of abuse urine screening test

A

Barbiturates, amphetamine, ecstasy, methadone, cotinine, phencyclidine, tricyclic antidepressants, propoxyphene, benzodiazepine, cocaine, methamphetamines, opiates, oxycodone, marijuana, ketamine, and buprenorphine

41
Q

Names of commonly used opiates (8)

A

Morphine, codeine, propoxyphene, hydrocodone, meperidene, naloxone, heroin, and methadone

42
Q

Screening (qualitative) tests for DOA (3)

A

immunoassays, “spot” urine tests, thin layer chromatography (TLC)

43
Q

Confimatory (quantitative) tests for DOA (3)

A

gas-liquid chromatography (GLC), high performance liqoid chromatography (HPLC), GC-MS

Chemistry Module 2 (10 decks)

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