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Tourism Flashcards

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1
Q

Tourism

What is Eco Tourism?

A

Tourism designed around visiting special environments - rainforests, deserts and glaciers. Eco tourism also shares many ideas with sustainable tourism such as stewardship.

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2
Q

Tourism

What is extreme tourism?

A

Visiting areas not normally visited by tourists such as very cold or mountainous areas.

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3
Q

Tourism

What is a honeypot site?

A

An area, site or attraction that attracts a large number of people e.g. Buckingham Palace, Stonehenge and the Lake District.

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4
Q

Tourism

What is mass tourism?

A

When a large number of people/tourists visit one area all at once e.g. a package holiday to Spain.

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5
Q

Tourism

What is the 1st stage of Butler’s Model?

A

Exploration- small numbers of visitors are attracted to the area e.g. By scenery or culture. Aren’t many tourist facilities.

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6
Q

Tourism

What is the 2nd stage of Butler’s Model?

A

Involvement - Local people start providing facilities for tourists, which attracts more visitors.

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7
Q

Tourism

What is the 3rd stage of Butler’s Model?

A

Development - More and more visitors come as more facilities are built. Control of tourism in passes from locals to big companies.

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8
Q

Tourism

What is the 4th stage of Butler’s Model?

A

Consolidation - Tourism is still a big part of local economy, but tourist numbers are beginning to level off.

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9
Q

Tourism

What is the 5th stage of Butler’s Model?

A

Stagnation - Visitor numbers have peaked. Facilities are no longer as good and tourists had negative impact on the local environment, making the area less attractive to visitors.

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10
Q

Tourism

What is the final stage of Butler’s Model?

A

Decline - Fewer visitors come to the area - it looks less attractive. OR Rejuvenation - if the area is rejuvenated, more visitors will come as they’re attracted to new facilities

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11
Q

Tourism

What are the 3 major environments tourists visit?

A

Cities, mountains and coasts

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12
Q

Tourism

Give 2 examples of extreme tourism?

A

Cold = Antarctica Steep and rugged = Himalayas

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13
Q

Tourism

What is a short haul destination?

A

A destination which can be reached in a plane journey of 3 hours or less

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14
Q

Tourism

What is a long haul destination?

A

Destinations which take over 3 hours by plane, such as tropical destinations like Jamaica

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15
Q

Tourism

What is the top domestic tourist destination in the UK?

A

London - half of all money spent in UK is spent here - about £19 billion

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16
Q

Tourism

What is the top overseas destination for British tourists?

A

Spain - has twice as many visitors as France. One third of all British tourists (60 million) visit Spain.

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17
Q

Tourism

How many domestic holidays do British people go on each year?

A

52 million

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18
Q

Tourism

What is the Trickle Effect?

A

When money from tourism reaches services, workers and communities associated/linked with tourism

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19
Q

Tourism

Why do more people go on holiday now?

A

Cheaper and people have more money to spend, alternative ways to travel (plane/car), flight is safer, afffordable and people are given more holiday time as well as having more options/destinations to choose from

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20
Q

Tourism

What is the Multiplier Effect?

A

When wages are spent in other businesses in the same country, making them more profitable and maybe employing more locals

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21
Q

Tourism

What is Economic Leakage?

A

Money taken from economy by international/foreign companies or wages are sent home by foreign workers

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22
Q

Tourism

Give an example of eco tourism?

A

The Yachana Eco Lodge, in Ecuador - part of the Amazon Rainforest, next to the Napo River (a tributary)

23
Q

Tourism

What is stewardship?

A

Caring for the environment of a place as though it was your own. This includes plants, animals and people.

24
Q

Tourism

Give an example of a tropical tourist destination?

A

Jamaica

25
Q

Tourism

Why might people go on extreme tourist holidays?

A

They may not be content with the usual holiday so may want extra adventures and an element of risk.

26
Q

Tourism

How would global warming be affected by getting rid of rainforests?

A

Would mean more carbon dioxide in atmosphere and less oxygen because there are no longer anymore trees to respire.

27
Q

Tourism

How would flooding be affected by getting rid of rainforests?

A

Increased chance of flooding, rain is not intercepted or absorbed by roots, increasing surface run-off.

28
Q

Tourism

How would indigenous people be affected by getting rid of rainforests?

A

Would have no where to live. No shelter or resources to live off.

29
Q

Tourism

How would tourism be affected by getting rid of rainforests?

A

Less people/no-one will visit through tourism because certain sites, like the Amazon, are popular eco-tourist destinations

30
Q

Tourism

How would eco-systems be affected by getting rid of rainforests?

A

Would be disrupted, some entirely wiped out. Certain species would be extinct if they were native to that area which would disrupt food chains.

31
Q

Tourism

What is the solution to air and noise pollution from mass tourism?

A

National park entry charge - vehicles charged to enter. Reduces tourist numbers and raise money for park.

32
Q

Tourism

What is the solution to footpath erosion from mass tourism?

A

Repair worn out paths using local stone or other natural materials. Keeps popular paths open and stops damage spreading.

33
Q

Tourism

What is the solution to traffic jams in small towns from mass tourism?

A

Build bypasses. Would reduce traffic jams and pollution in crowded town centres.

34
Q

Tourism

What is the solution to over population and conflict between bikers and walkers from mass tourism?

A

Limit visitor numbers - either mountain bikers or walkers. Reduces environmental destruction caused by tourism.

35
Q

Tourism

What is the solution to lack of parking facilities from mass tourism?

A

Improve public transport and make twin track railways instead of single. Cuts journey time, making tourists more likely to use it.

36
Q

Tourism

What is the issue with charging a national park fee to cope with mass tourism?

A

Could discourage visitors

37
Q

Tourism

What is the issue with limiting visitor numbers to cope with mass tourism?

A

Difficult to monitor and limits people’s activities

38
Q

Tourism

What is the issue with repairing worn out footpaths to cope with mass tourism?

A

Expensive and stone paths look old

39
Q

Tourism

What is the issue with building bypasses to cope with mass tourism?

A

In a narrow valley, building a new road around it would be difficult and expensive.

40
Q

Tourism

What is the issue with improving public transport to cope with mass tourism?

A

Operating more buses and trains may need subsidies at first, doubling the railway tracks is expensive.

41
Q

Tourism

What are the positive social impacts of tourism?

A

Local traditions and customs are kept alive because tourists enjoy traditional shows e.g. Flamenco dancing
Greater demand for local food and crafts

42
Q

Tourism

What are the positive economic impacts of tourism?

A

Jobs created
Money from tourists can be used to protect the natural landscape
More money for the country

43
Q

Tourism

What are the negative social impacts of tourism?

A

Culture and traditions change as outsiders arrive

Overcrowding and traffic jams

44
Q

Tourism

What are the negative economic impacts of tourism?

A

Prices increase in local shops as tourists are often more wealthy than the local population.
Jobs are often seasonal and are poorly paid
Most money goes out of the area to big companies, not locals

45
Q

Tourism

What are the negative environmental impacts of tourism?

A

Damage to the natural environment e.g. footpath erosion, litter, habitats destroyed to build hotels

46
Q

Tourism

What kind of workers are directly employed by tourism?

A
  • Hotel workers
  • Attraction workers (e.g. Blackpool Tower)
  • Theme park workers
  • Souvenir shops
  • Air-liners/pilots
47
Q

Tourism

What kind of workers are indirectly employed by tourism?

A
  • Train drivers
  • Bus drivers
  • Restaurants
  • Shop Keepers
  • Taxi drivers
  • Theatre/actors
48
Q

Tourism

What kind of workers are both directly and indirectly employed by tourism?

A
  • Bar workers
49
Q

Tourism

How much GDP does the UK get from tourism?

A

10%

50
Q

Tourism

How much GDP does the Maldives get from tourism?

A

30%

51
Q

Tourism

Why might people not go on holiday for human reasons?

A
  • Terrorist attacks
  • Cost/financial crash
  • Discrimination of different people
  • Health risks (smog)
  • Corrupt government
  • Strict borderline checks (airport)
52
Q

Tourism

Why might people not go on holiday for physical reasons?

A
  • Natural disaster
  • Monsoon season
  • Bad weather/extreme weather
  • Dangerous animals
53
Q

Tourism

How much GDP does Romania get from tourism?

A

6%

Geography (34 decks)

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