Development Flashcards
Development
What is GDP?
Total value of goods and services a country produces in a year
Development
What is GNP or GNI?
Total value of goods and service that people of that nationality produce in a year
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What is GNI per head?
GNI divided by population of country. Aka GNI per capita.
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What is birth rate?
Number of live babies born per 1000 of population per year.
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What is death rate?
Number of deaths per 1000 of population per year.
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What is infant mortality rate?
Number of babies who die under 1yr old per 1000 babies born.
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What is HDI?
Number that is calculated using life expectancy, literacy rate, education level and income per head.
Development
Why can measures of development be misleading?
If used on their own they are just averages and don’t show up elite groups or variation.
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Why shouldn’t development measures be used on their own?
Some aspects develop before others, so it may seem a country is more developed than it actually is.
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How can problems with measuring development be resolved?
Using more than one measure or HDI
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Where are MEDCs generally found?
In north - include USA, Europe, Australia and NZ
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Where are LEDCs generally found?
South - include India, China, Mexico, Brazil and African countries
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What are rich industrial countries?
Most developed countries in the world
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What are examples of rich industrial countries?
U.K. Norway USA Canada France
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What are former communist countries?
These countries aren’t really poor but aren’t rich either. They’re developing quickly but not as quick as NICs
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What are examples of former communist countries?
Czech Republic
Bulgaria
Poland
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What are oil exporting countries?
Quite rich (high GNI) but wealth often belongs to a few people and rest are poor
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What are examples of oil exporting countries?
Qatar
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
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What are heavily indebted poor countries?
Poorest, least developed countries in the world
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What are examples of heavily indebted poor countries?
Ethiopia
Chad
Angola
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What are NICs?
Rapidly getting richer as their economy moves from being based on primary industries to secondary industries
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What are some examples of NICs?
China India Brazil Mexico South Africa Taiwan
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What is standard of living?
Material wealth e.g. Their income, whether they own a car
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What is quality of life?
Includes standard of living and other things such as safety of area and how nice environment is
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What 5 environmental factors affect development?
Poor climate Poor farming land Limited water supplies Lots of natural hazards Few raw materials
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How does poor farming land affect development?
If land is steep or has poor soil, they won’t produce lots of food, which leads to malnutrition and less crops to sell so less money for goods and services.
Less money from taxes means less to spend developing country.
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How does limited water supplies affect development?
Some countries don’t have lots of water making it harder for them to produce a lot of food.
This leads to malnutrition and less crops to sell so less money for goods and services.
Less money from taxes means less to spend developing country.
Development
How can a poor climate affect development?
They won’t be able to grow much, reducing amount of food produced, leading to malnutrition and fewer crops to sell.
Less money for goods and services.
Less money from taxes means less to spend developing country.
