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Italian Wine Scholar South > Toscana > Flashcards

Toscana Flashcards

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1
Q

How was Vernaccia San Gimignano DOCG wines traditionally made?

A

Fermented and made like red wines
Creating a wine of deep golden color and oxidative flavors

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2
Q

What is Toscana’s most eastern DOC?

A

Cortona DOC

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3
Q

What grape is used to produce Cortona DOC signature varietal?

A

Syrah (R)

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4
Q

Who began the Brunello movement in Montalcino?

A

Clementi Santi

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5
Q

Who continued Clementi Santi’s progress with Brunello (R) in Montalcino?

A

Ferrucio Biondo, his grandson
He also linked the 2 names Biondo-Santi

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6
Q

What is the climate of Montalcino?

A

Mostly Mediterranean with continental influences

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7
Q

What created the varied soils of Montalcino?

A

They are the result of different geological eras
Also the repeated retreats and returns of ancient seas

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8
Q

How many subzones in Montalcino?

A

None

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9
Q

How much Brunello (R) is in Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

100%

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10
Q

What are the aging requirements of Brunello do Montalcino DOCG?

A

The longest in Italy
4 years
5 years for Reserva’s

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11
Q

What is the “2nd” wine DOC of Montalcino?

A

Rosso di Montalcino DOC

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12
Q

How much Brunello (R) is in Rosso di Montalcino DOC?

A

100%
It is considered the best 2nd wine in Italy

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13
Q

Who revived Montepulciano in the 1930’s?

A

Adamo Fanetti

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14
Q

What divides the winegrowing region of Montepulciano?

A

The Val di Chiana

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15
Q

How does the climate of Montepulciano compare to Montalcino?

A

More continental and cooler

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16
Q

Does Vino Nobile Montepulciano DOCG require 100% Sangiovese (R)?

A

NO
70% minimum

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17
Q

What is Sangiovese (R) called in Montepulciano?

A

Prugnolo Gentile (R)

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18
Q

What is the “2nd wine” of Montepulciano?

A

Rosso di Montepulciano DOC

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19
Q

(T or F) Vin Santo di Montepulciano DOC makes some of the best, most intense and complex Vin Santos?

A

True

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20
Q

What is the minimum % of Sangiovese (R) (Prugnolo Gentile) in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

70%
Max 5% white

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21
Q

Who has the most homogenous soils Montalcino, Chianti Classico or Montepulciano?

A

Montepulciano

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22
Q

What divides the two winemaking areas of Montepulciano: Valiano & Montepulciano?

A

The Val di Chiani

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23
Q

Who helped revive Montepulciano in the 1930s with the acclaim he received for his Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

Adamo Fanette

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24
Q

Can you declassify Brunello to Rosso di Montalcino?

A

Yes

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25
Q

What appellation has the longest aging requirement in Italy?

A

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
5 years for Riserva
4 Years for Regular

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26
Q

How much Sangiovese (Brunello)(R) is in Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

100%

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27
Q

Who moved from Piemonte to Bolgheri and started the Sassicaia style of wine when trying to duplicate Bordeaux?

A

Marchese Mario della Rocchetta

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28
Q

What wine started Bolgheri’ s winemaking tradition?

A

Sassicaia

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29
Q

What are the NTK appellations of southern Toscana?

A

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
Rosso di Montalcino DOC
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
Rosso di Montepulciano DOC
Vin Santo di Montepulciano DOC

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30
Q

What are the NTK appellations of Eastern Toscana?

A

Cortona DOC
Val d ‘Arno (Valdarno) do Sopra DOC

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31
Q

What are the NTK central appellations of Toscana?

A

Carmignano DOCG
Barco Reale di Carmignano DOC
Vin Santo di Carmignano DOC
Chianti Classico DOCG
Chianti Classico Riserva DOCG
Chianti Classico Gran Selezione DOCG
Chianti DOCG
Vin Santo del Chianti DOC
Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG
San Gimignano DOC

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32
Q

What are the NTK coastal appellations of Toscana?

A

Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC
Bolgheri DOC
Val di Cornia Rosso DOCG
Suvereto DOCG
Montecucco DOC
Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG
Morellino do Scansano DOCG
Maremma Toscana DOC
Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG

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33
Q

How many DOC/Gs are in Toscana?

A

11 DOCGs
41 DOCs
Only Piemonte has more

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34
Q

What % of wine in Toscana is DOC/G?

A

65%

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35
Q

What is the thick deposit of wine soaked lees and yeast cells left in the bottom of the Caratelli after racking called?

A

Madre

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36
Q

What are the old wooden barrels that holds the dense sugary must for Vin Santo called?

A

Caratelli

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37
Q

What grape is used to make the rare Vin Santo Occhio di Pernice ?

A

Sangiovese (R)

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38
Q

What is Vin Santo in Toscana?

A

A Passito usually made from Trebbiano Toscano (W) and Malvasia Bianca Lunga (W)

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39
Q

What is a Fratoria in regards to an estate in Toscana?

A

Farm

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40
Q

What is a Castello in regards to an estate in Toscana?

A

Castle

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41
Q

What is a Poggio in regards to an estate in Toscana?

A

Knoll

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42
Q

What is the word Podere in regards to estate names?

A

Farm

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43
Q

What are the main training and pruning systems used in Toscana?

A

Archetto (variation of guyot)
Cordone Speronato
Guyot

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44
Q

What international grape is the 2nd most planted grape in Toscana?

A

Merlot (R)

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45
Q

Where is the grape Vernaccia di San Gimignano (W) from?

A

Almost entirely around the town of San Gimignano

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46
Q

What is the main role for Malvasia Bianca Lunga (W)?

A

Vin Santo

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47
Q

What is another name for Malvasia Bianco Lunga (W)?

A

Malvasia del Chianti (W)

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48
Q

What is Trebbiano Toscano’s prominent role in Toscana?

A

The production of Vin Santo

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49
Q

What is Toscana’s most planted white grape?

A

Trebbiano Toscano (W)

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50
Q

What grape historically was the primary red grape of Toscana?

A

Canaiolo (R)

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51
Q

What are the synonyms of Sangiovese (R)?

A

Brunello (R) in Montalcino
Prugnolo Gentile (R) in Montepulciano
Morellino (R) in Scansano
Sangiovese Grosso (R) all over Toscana
Sangioveto (R) in Chianti Classico

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52
Q

Sangiovese (R) is a natural cross between what 2 grapes?

A

Ciliegiolo (R)
Calabrese Montenuovo (R)

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53
Q

What is Italy’s and Toscana’s most planted grape?

A

Sangiovese (R)

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54
Q

What are the NTK white grapes in Toscana?

A

Trebbiano Toscano (W)
Malvasia Bianca Lunga (W)
Vernaccia di San Gimignano (W)

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55
Q

What are the NTK red grapes of Toscana?

A

Sangiovese (R)
Canaiolo (or Canaiolo Nero) (R)

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56
Q

What is the main grape in Toscana accounting for 60% of plantings?

A

Sangiovese (R)

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57
Q

What grape color dominates in Toscana vineyards?

A

Red @ 80%

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58
Q

What is the fine grained, calcareous marl found in southern Toscana, particularly Chianti Classico called?

A

Alberese

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59
Q

What metamorphic rock found in central Toscana that is crumbly clayey, schist like with sharp flakey edges called?

A

Galestro

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60
Q

What are the two specific types of rocks called that make up a large part of Toscana?

A

Galestro
Alberese

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61
Q

What do the Apennines to the north do to the weather in Toscana?

A

Protects it from the cool north winds
Forms a rain barrier making the coastal and central-southern parts drier

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62
Q

What is the main climate in Toscana?

A

Mediterranean on the coast
More continental as you move inland

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63
Q

What are the main rivers in Toscana?

A

The Arno - the largest
The Ombrone & Orcia Rivers in the south

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64
Q

What are the 3 main divisions of Maremma?

A

Northern Tuscan Maremma aka Alta Maremma
Southern Tuscan Maremma aka Maremma Grossetena (Often just called Maremma)
Maremma Laziale (in Lazio)

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65
Q

What is the large geographic area shared between Toscan and Lazio called?

A

Maremma

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66
Q

What is the topographical makeup if Toscana?

A

Hills 67%
Mountains 25%
Plains 8%

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67
Q

Where is Toscana located?

A
  • The NW part of central Italy
  • It is the largest of the central Italian regions
    It faces the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian Seas
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68
Q

Who is considered the father of Sangiovese (R) wines?

A

Giulio Gambelli

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69
Q

Who is considered one of the founders of the Italian wine renaissance?

A

Giacomo Tachis

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70
Q

What family became the defacto rulers of Toscana in the 15th century?

A

The Medici Family

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71
Q

What is Coltura Promiscua?

A

Mixed crop cultivation

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72
Q

Beginning in the 13th century what two city states became regional super powers?

A
  • Firenze
  • Siena
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73
Q

Who issued the historical edict in 1716 protecting the wines of Toscana?

A

Grand Duke Cosimo III de’ Medici
This was the first attempt ever to protect a wine appellation

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74
Q

What 4 boundaries were delimited by the 1716 edict?

A
  1. Chianti
  2. Carmignano
  3. Pomino
  4. Val d ‘Arno di Sopra
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75
Q

What group stopped the decline in viticulture in Toscana in the 12th century

A

The Monostatic orders

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76
Q

Who first inhabited the region of Toscana?

A

The Etruscans around the 9th century BC

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77
Q

What are the 3 categories of Chianti Classic DOCG from top to bottom?

A

Chianti Classico Gran Selezione DOCG
Chianti Classico Riserva DOCG
Chianti Classico (Annata) DOCG

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78
Q

(T or F) Chianti Classico has one of Italy’s lowest max yields?

A

True

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79
Q

What is Chianti Classico DOCG also called?

A

Annata (Vintage) - It is the younger and more approachable version

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80
Q

How does Chianti Classico Riserva DOCG compare to Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

More complex, structured and fuller. longer aging

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81
Q

What makes Chianti Classico Gran Selezione DOCG superior to the others?

A

It is only made from the best grapes
Subjected to lab analysis

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82
Q

What is Vin Santo del Chianti Classico DOC wine made from?

A

Trebbiano (W) and/or Malvasia (W)

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83
Q

What area does Chianti DOCG cover?

A

A large hilly area around the Chianti Classico region

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84
Q

How many subzones are in the Chianti DOCG?

A

7

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85
Q

Which of the Chianti DOCG subzones has different Sangiovese (R) minimum?

A

Colli Senesi

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86
Q

What are the subzones of Chianti Classico?

A

Rufina
Colli Fiorentini
Colli Aretini
Montalbano
Montespertoli
Colli Senesi

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87
Q

What makes the Rufina subzone of Chianti DOCG different?

A

Smallest in size and most prestigious

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88
Q

What makes the Colli Fiorentini subzone unique?

A

One of the most long-standing winemaking traditions

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89
Q

What is the most recent Chianti DOCG subzones?

A

Montespertoli

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90
Q

What is the largest Chianti DOCG subzone?

A

Colli Senesi

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91
Q

Which region in Toscana makes the most important dry white wine?

A

San Gimignano

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92
Q

What is the only white wine DOCG in Toscana?

A

San Gimignano

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93
Q

What was the first Italian wine to receive DOC status?

A

San Gimignano

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94
Q

Which coastal appellation has a long standing renown for Trebbiano (W) based wines?

A

Montecarlo DOC

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95
Q

What type of wine does Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG produce?

A

Sweet red wine from 100% Aleatico (R)

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96
Q

What 2 appellations cover the entire island of Elba?

A

Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG
Elba DOC

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97
Q

What is the synonym for Sangiovese (R) in Morellino di Scansano DOCG?

A

Morellino (R)

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98
Q

What is the most well known wine of southern Maremma?

A

Morellino di Scansano DOCG

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99
Q

What weather benefits Montecucco DOC and Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG?

A

Significant diurnal temperature swings

100
Q

What are the appellations of Southern Maremma?

A

Montecucco DOC
Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG
Morellino di Scansano DOCG
Maremma Toscana DOC

101
Q

What is the Southern Maremma Grossetana simply and often called?

A

Maremma

102
Q

What coastal appellation was originally created for whites and Rosatos only?

A

Bolgheri DOC

103
Q

What is the only case where an appellation was granted DOC status for a single estate wine?

A

Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC

104
Q

What are the two red wine DOCs of Bolgheri?

A

Bolgheri Rosso DOC
Bolgheri Rosso Superiore DOC

105
Q

What are the 2 DOCGs in the Val di Cornia coastal area?

A

Suvereto DOCG
Val di Cornia Rosso DOCG

106
Q

Who began the movement in Bolgheri that led to Sassicaia wine?

A

The Marchese Mario Incisa della Rocchetta from Piemonte

107
Q

Who helped develop Sassicaia wines?

A

The Marquis cousins from the Antinori family & their enologists Giacomo Tachis

108
Q

What did Sassicaia give birth to?

A

The Super Tuscan movement

109
Q

What DOC is separated from Montalcino by the Orcia River?

A

Montecucco DOC

110
Q

What DOC covers the entire Grosseto province?

A

Maremma DOC

111
Q

Whose support for the Bolgheri style of wine greatly helped bring it to market?

A

Antinori

112
Q

What are the major appellations of central Toscana?

A

Chianti DOCG
Chianti Classico DOCG
San Gimignano DOC
Carmignano DOCG

113
Q

What are the 3 appellations in Carmignano?

A

Carmignano DOCG
Barco Reale di Carmignano DOC
Vin Santo di Carmignano DOC

114
Q

What is Chianti Storico?

A

Historic Chianti, it covers roughly the original zone of production from the 14th century

115
Q

What is Chianti Storico known as today?

A

Chianti Classico

116
Q

What is the name of the area surrounding Chianti Classico as a result of the 1930s expansion?

A

Chianti DOCG

117
Q

What is the name of the historic symbol of the League of Chianti and is the symbol of Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

The Gallo Nero (Black Rooster)

118
Q

By law what is the minimum amount of Sangiovese (R) required in Chianti Classico?

A

Chianti Classico requires min 80% Sangiovese (R)

119
Q

What are the most important subzones of Chianti DOCG?

A

Colli Fiorentini
Colli Senesi
Rufina

120
Q

(T or F) Chianti DOCG is one of Italy’s largest and most productive and most exported appellations?

A

True

121
Q

What are the 3 quality levels of Chianti Classico wines?

A

Chianti Classico Gran Selezione
Chianti Classico Riserva
Chianti Classico (Annata)

122
Q

What is the minimum % of Sangiovese in Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

80%

123
Q

What Chianti DOCG subzone has different minimum % of Sangiovese (R) requirements?

A

Colli Senesi @ 75%

124
Q

What is unique about Chianti Rufina DOCG?

A

This historic zone is the smallest and most prestigious
It is also one of the highest and coolest areas

125
Q

What is the only white DOC in Toscana?

A

San Gimignano DOCG

126
Q

What is the first Italian wine to receive DOC status?

A

San Gimignano DOCG

127
Q

What grape accounts for over 1/2 of Cortona DOC production?

A

Syrah

128
Q

What are the main appellations of southern Toscana?

A

Montalcino
Montepulciano

129
Q

What were the principle changes Clemente Santi implemented for Brunello (R)?

A

Monoculture
Longer Fermentation
Longer Maceration

130
Q

What are the 4 appellations of Montalcino?

A

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
Rosso do Montalcino DOC
Sant’Antimo DOC
Moscadello di Montalcino DOC

131
Q

How does Toscana rank in Italy for DOC/G’s?

A

2nd behind Piemonte

132
Q

What % of wine is red in Toscana?

A

90%

133
Q

Who issued the edict officially delimiting the most prestigious winegrowing zones of Toscana in 1716?

A

Cosimo III de ‘Medici

134
Q

What 4 areas did Cosimo III de ‘Medici protect with his edict?

A

Chianti
Pomino
Carmignano
Val d ‘Arno di Sopra

135
Q

What topographical feature dominates in Toscana?

A

Hills

136
Q

What was “Chianti Classico 2000”?

A

A project to research and develop high quality clones of Sangiovese (R) to plant throughout the region
Done by the Chianti Classico Consorzio

137
Q

What are the main training systems in Toscana?

A

Archetto
Guyot
Cordon Speronato

138
Q

What is “Governo Toscano”?

A

It is the pouring of just finished wines over recently dried grapes to restart fermentation

139
Q

Who is considered the founder of the modern Italian wine renaissance

A

Giacomo Tachis

140
Q

What is “Alberese”?

A

Fine grained calcareous marls
Found in central & southern areas of Chianti Classico

141
Q

What is “Galestro” soil?

A

Metamorphic rock: Crumbly, schist-like, sharp edges, flaky
Found in Central Toscana: Rufina, Montalcino, & Chianti Classico

142
Q

What grape dominates Toscana?

A

Sangiovese (R)

143
Q

What international grape is Cortona DOC famous for?

A

Syrah (R)

144
Q

What international grapes have a presence in Toscana?

A

Cabernet Franc (R)
Cabernet Sauvignon (R)
Merlot (R)

145
Q

What international grapes have a large presence in Carmignano?

A

Cabernet Franc (R)
Cabernet Sauvignon (R)

146
Q

What grape is an offspring of Ciliegiolo (R) & Calabrese Montenuovo (R)?

A

Sangiovese (R)

147
Q

What area is associated with each of these Sangiovese (R) synonyms ?
1. Brunello
2. Morellino
3. Prugnolo Gentile
4. Sangioveto
5. Sangiovese Grosso

A
  1. Brunello > Montalcino
  2. Morellino > Scansano
  3. Prugnolo Gentile > Montepulciano
  4. Sangioveto > Chianti Classico
    Sangiovese Grosso > Toscana
148
Q

What historic red grape of Toscana is the principle blending partner in Sangiovese (R) based wines?

A

Canaiolo (R)

149
Q

What was the historically principle Toscana grape?

A

Canaiolo

150
Q

In making Vin Santo what is a Caratelli?

A

Small barrels of different sizes and woods used to store wine

151
Q

What are the 4 Tuscan DOCs dedicated to Vin Santo production?

A

Vin Santo del Chianti DOC
Vin Santo del Chianti Classico DOC
Vin Santo do Carmignano DOC
Vin Santo Montepulciano DOC

152
Q

What is the name of the historic geographic coastal area located between Toscana & Lazio?

A

Maremma

153
Q

What is the main type of wine made in the Bolgheri Rosso DOC?

A

Bordeaux Style

154
Q

What ancient Noble wine family was involved in the early history of Sassicaia?

A

Antinori

155
Q

What is Italy’s only single estate wine DOC?

A

Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC

156
Q

What 2 appellations listed on the 1716 Edict by Cosimo III de ‘Medici are still used to indicate DOCG appellations?

A

Carmignano
Chianti

157
Q

Who revived the wines of Carmignano in the second half of the 20th century?

A

Count Ugo Contini Bonacossi

158
Q

What is unique about Carmignano blending?

A

Cabernet Franc (R) or Cabernet Sauvignon (R) is blended with Sangiovese (R)

159
Q

What are the Carmignano appellations?

A

Carmignano DOCG (1st label)
Barco Reale di Carmignano DOC (2nd label)
Vin Santo di Carmignano DOC

ALL cover the same geographic area

160
Q

What area is Chianti Classic DOCG located in?

A

Original most productive zone corresponds to Chianti Storico
The historic heart of Chianti

161
Q

What area is Chianti DOCG located in?

A

Expansion of original area
Large area surrounding Chianti Classico DOCG

162
Q

Who developed new recipes for Chianti in the 19th century?

A

Baron Bettino Ricasoli

163
Q

What is the climate and soils of Chianti Classico?

A

Continental Climate with Mediterranean influences
Soils: Alberese & Galestro

164
Q

(Tor F) Chianti Classico DOCG has one of the lowest max yields in Italy?

A

True

165
Q

What is the quality pyramid in Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

Chianti Classico Gran Selezione
Chianti Classico Riserva
Chianti Classico Annata (vintage)

166
Q

What are the most important subzones of Chianti DOCG?

A

Colli Fiorentini
Colli Senesi - largest most productive
Rufina - smallest most prestigious

167
Q

What is the newest subzone in Chianti DOCG?

A

Montespertoli

168
Q

What was the 1st Italian wine to receive DOC status?

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano

169
Q

What is Toscana’s only white DOCG?

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano

170
Q

What is the major international grape of Cortona DOC?

A

Syrah (R)

171
Q

What is the synonym for Sangiovese (R) in Montalcino?

A

Brunello (R)

172
Q

Who began the current “Brunello” wine of Montalcino in the early 1800s?

A

Clemente Santi

173
Q

Who continued Clementi Santi’s efforts with Brunello (R) production?

A

His grandson Ferrucio Biondo
Changed name to Biondi-Santi

174
Q

(T or F) Brunello (R) is one of the first DOC & DOCGs in Italy?

A

True

175
Q

What is the climate of Montalcino?

A

Mediterranean climate with continental influences near the Apennines
Wide diurnal range

176
Q

How much Brunello (R) is in Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

100%

177
Q

What DOCG has Italy’s longest minimum aging requirement?

A

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG

178
Q

What is the 2nd tier wine in Montalcino?

A

Rosso di Montalcino DOC
100% Sangiovese (R)

179
Q

What are the 2 areas of Montepulciano?

A

Valiano
Montepulciano

180
Q

What provides a moderating effect on Montepulciano?

A

Lago di Trasimeno in Umbria

181
Q

What is the most important wine in Montepulciano?

A

Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
Minimum of 70% Prugnolo Gentile (R)\Most use 80 to 100%

182
Q

What is Prugnolo Gentile (R) a synonym for?

A

Sangiovese (R)

183
Q

What are the typical blending partners of Montepulciano wines?

A

Canaiolo (R)
Colorino (R)
Mammolo (R)
Merlot (R)

184
Q

What is the 2nd tier wine of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

Rossi di Montepulciano DOC

185
Q

What is the climate in Chianti Classico?

A

Continental with slight Mediterranean influence’s

186
Q

What are the soils in Chianti Classico?

A

Galestro alternating with Alberese and sandstone (known locally as Macigino)

187
Q

Where does Chianti Classico lie?

A

North - Firenze
South - Siena
East - Monti del Chianti
West - Elsa Valley

188
Q

Who formalized formulas for Chianti wine production?

A

Baron Bettino Ricasoli

189
Q

What is the symbol for Chianti Classico?

A

The Gallo Nero (Black Rooster)
It was the historic symbol of the League of Chianti

190
Q

What makes Chianti one of the oldest wine appellations in the world?

A

The 1716 Edict by Cosimo III de ‘Medici

191
Q

What is the name of the crisp Rosato from the Barco Reale di Carmignano DOC?

A

Vin Ruspo

192
Q

What is the “2nd wine” of the Carmignano area?

A

Barco Reale di Carmignano DOC
Lighter more fruit forward

193
Q

What is the most prestigious wine made in the Carmignano area?

A

Carmignano DOCG

194
Q

Who brought Carmignano wines back from the brink of disappearing?

A

Count Ugo Contini Bonaccossi

195
Q

What grape is used in the production of Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG?

A

100% Aleatico

196
Q

What 2 appellations cover the entire island of Elba (Italy’s 3rd largest)?

A

Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG
Elba DOC

197
Q

What is the most well known wine of southern Maremma?

A

Morellino do Scansano DOCG

198
Q

What is the only DOC in Italy to be granted DOC status on a single estate?

A

Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC

199
Q

What Enologist helped bring Bolgheri Sassicaia to the forefront?

A

Giacomo Tachis

200
Q

What was the first ever attempt to protect a wine appellation?

A

The 1716 Bando (Edict) by Cosimo III de ‘Medici protecting 4 winemaking zones

201
Q

What forms the NE border of Toscana?

A

The central Apennines

202
Q

What is the largest of the Tuscan Archipelago Islands?

A

Elba

203
Q

What 3 areas make up the Maremma?

A

Northern Tuscan Maremma (Alta Maremma)
Southern Tuscan Maremma (Maremma Grossetana)
Maremma Laziale (Lazio)

204
Q

What is genetically considered by many as the true Maremma?

A

Maremma Grossetana

205
Q

When does most rain fall in Toscana?

A

Autumn & Winter

206
Q

Where is the crumbly clayey, schist like rock with sharp edges, Galestro mostly found?

A

Chianti Classico, Rufina, & Montalcino

207
Q

Where is the fine-grained calcareous marl, Alberese found?

A

Southern Chianti Classico, Especially around Castellina

208
Q

What weather can be a problem in Maremma?

A

Drought

209
Q

What does Corsica block from Toscana?

A

Humid air from the west

210
Q

How does Sangiovese (R) ripen?

A

Early budding, Late ripening
Benefits from a long, warm growing season

211
Q

What was the historical red grape of Toscana?

A

Canaiolo
Today it is used to soften Sangiovese (R)
and refines the perfume and mouthfeel

212
Q

What is the most planted white grape in Toscana?

A

Trebbiano Toscano

213
Q

Who is considered the father of Sangiovese (R) wines?

A

Giulio Gambelli

214
Q

What are the Super Tuscans?

A

An unofficial category of high-quality, pricey red wines
They emerged in the 1960’s and 1970’s
They used international grapes
They did not follow any DOC rules

215
Q

What was the beginning of the Super Tuscan movement?

A

Sassicaia Produced in Bolgheri

216
Q

What wine district became the leader in the Super Tuscan Movement?

A

Chianti Classico

217
Q

What are the non-temperature controlled storage lofts/rooms used to store Caratellis called?

A

Vinsantaie

218
Q

What is the minimum aging requirement for Vin Santo?

A

2-3 years most producers keep it much longer

219
Q

What are the sweetness levels of Vin Santo ?

A

Dry - Secco
Medium Dry - Abboccato
Medium sweet - Amabile
Sweet - Dolce

220
Q

What % of Toscana is DOC/G?

A

60%

221
Q

When did Rome conquer the Etruscans and take over Toscana?

A

The 3rd century BC

222
Q

What is the Via Francigena?

A

A road connecting France to Rome passing through Toscana

223
Q

In the 15th century what family became the defacto rulers in Toscana transforming it into a Signoria (Lordship)?

A

The Medici family

224
Q

What protects Montalcino growing area from bad weather?

A

Mount Amiata

225
Q

What is Salasso?

A

Bleeding of the tank

226
Q

What is the 2nd wine of Carmignano?

A

Barco Reale di Carmignano DOC

227
Q

In Carmignano DOCG, Sangiovese is traditionally blended with a small proportion of?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
and/or
Cabernet Franc

228
Q

Originally what were the Super Tuscans bottled under?

A

Vino da Tavola

229
Q

(T or F) The mild climate of Val do Cornia are similar to Bolgheri so it is suitable for Bordeaux grapes?

A

True

230
Q

In France Trebbiano Toscano (W) is known as?

A

Ugni Blanc

231
Q

Which Chianti subzone produces the most distinctive wines?

A

Rufina

232
Q

What is the only DOCG on Elba Island?

A

Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG

233
Q

Between what 2 cities is Chianti Classico located?

A

Firenze
&
Siena

234
Q

Are Super Tuscans an official category within the Italian DOC/G system?

A

No

235
Q

Are White grapes allowed in Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

NO

236
Q

(T or F) Chianti Classico DOCG can be declassified to Chianti DOCG?

A

False

237
Q

What is the southernmost subzone of Chianti DOCG?

A

Colli Senesi

238
Q

(T or F) By Law Morellino di Scansano DOCG is made form 100% Sangiovese

A

False

239
Q

What appellation is most associated with the Governo winemaking technique?

A

Chianti DOCG

240
Q

Which Chianti DOCG subzones are considered to produce the highest quality?

A

Colli Senesi
Rufina
Colli Fiorentini

241
Q

What is Vin Ruspo?

A

A rosato produced in Carmignano

242
Q

Which Toscana winegrowing area were Cabernet grapes first grown in?

A

Carmignano

243
Q

The Carmignano winegrowing area is almost completely overlapped by what appellation?

A

Chianti Montalbano DOC

244
Q

What saved Montalcino’ s vineyard after Phylloxera?

A

The formation of cooperatives

245
Q

What subarea of Montalcino is the warmest and driest part of the appellation?

A

Sant’ Angelo Scalo

246
Q

Which subarea of Montalcino has stony calcareous soils at medium altitude?

A

Tavernelle

247
Q

Which subarea of Montalcino is in the NE corner with cooler temperatures and more clay content?

A

Torrenieri

Italian Wine Scholar South (12 decks)

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