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Sicilia Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 grapes are used in Marsala production?

A

Grillo (W)
Catarratto (W)
Inzolia (W)
Damaschino (W)

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2
Q

Is Zibbibo (W) native to Sicilia?

A

NO

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3
Q

Are Frappato (R), Grillo (W) & Nero d’Avola (R) native to Sicilia

A

Yes

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4
Q

What are the principle white and red grapes of the Etna wine growing area?

A

Nero Mascalese (R)
Carricante (W)

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5
Q

What grapes does the Contea d’ Scalfani DOC focus on?

A

Nero d’Avola (R). Perricone (R), & Catarratto (W)

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6
Q

What do Marsala’s vineyards lie on?

A

Flat coastal areas and low inland hills in western Sicilia

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7
Q

What grape is primarily associated with the town of Vittoria?

A

Frappato (R)

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8
Q

Where is Carricante (W) primarily grown?

A

Mount Etna

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9
Q

What is the synonym of Inzolia (W)?

A

Ansonica (W)

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10
Q

What is the synonym of Nero d’Avola (R)?

A

Calabrese (R)

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11
Q

What is the white grape workhorse of Sicilia?

A

Catarratto Bianco (W)

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12
Q

What international red grape is the second most planted red grape in Sicilia?

A

Syrah (R)

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13
Q

What % of area under vine is dedicated to white wine?

A

60%

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14
Q

What is the southernmost region in Italy?

A

Sicilia between the 36th and 38th parallels

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15
Q

What part of the island is hit by the warm Sirocco winds from Africa, resulting in it being the warmest part of Sicilia?

A

The south facing side

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16
Q

What is the topography of Sicilia made up of?

A

Hills (most vineyards)
Mountains
Plains

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17
Q

What is the highest and most active volcano, located in Sicilia?

A

Mt Etna

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18
Q

What are the most important rivers in Sicilia?

A

Simeto
Salso
Belice

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19
Q

What is the synonym for “Solera” in Marsala?

A

Vergine

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20
Q

What is “Mosto Cotto” in relation to the wines of Marsala?

A

Cooked grape must
It is used to impart darker color and add aromas like burnt sugar and caramel

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21
Q

In Marsala what is “Sifone (or Mistella)”?

A

Sweet fortified grape must obtained from late harvest grape
It provides sugar, texture & aromas

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22
Q

What Marsala color category only allows white grapes and the proportion of Mosto Cotto must not be <1%

A

Ambra (amber color)

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23
Q

What Marsala color category requires at least 70% red grapes and adding Mosto Cotto is forbidden?

A

Rubino (Ruby-red color)

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24
Q

What Marsala color Category only allows white grapes and Mosto Cotto is forbidden?

A

Oro (yellow-golden color)

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25
Q

A “Pachino” is?

A

A specific subzone for Nero d’Avola (R) in the Eloro DOC

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26
Q

What is “Alberello Pantesco”?

A

Pantelleria’ s vine training

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27
Q

Carricante (W) is notably high in malic acid yes or no?

A

Yes

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28
Q

(T or F) Carricante’ s (W) historic home is Mount Etna?

A

True

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29
Q

Grillo (W) is a natural cross between Catarratto Bianco (W) and?

A

Zibbibo (W) (Muscat of Alexandria)

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30
Q

Frappato (R) is a grape variety historically grown around which town in SE Sicilia?

A

Vittoria

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31
Q

What province is the Etna DOC included in?

A

Catania

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32
Q

What was Sicilia’s first DOC?

A

Etna DOC

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33
Q

Name Sicilia’s most planted grape variety?

A

Catarratto Bianco (W)

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34
Q

Name the 2 active volcanos on Sicilia’s Aeolian Islands?

A

Stromboli
Vulcano

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35
Q

What grape makes up the majority of Etna Bianco DOC?

A

Carricante (W)

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36
Q

What is the name of the regional appellation of Sicilia?

A

Sicilia DOC

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37
Q

What is the primary grape on the Aeolian Islands?

A

Malvasia di Lipari (W)

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38
Q

What is unique to Passito di Pantelleria?

A

Two harvests
1. Zibbibo is picked in August & dried in the sun
2. Remaining grapes picked & fermented as normal
3. The 2 are then combined

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39
Q

What are the 2 main types of Pantelleria DOC wines?

A

Passito di Pantelleria
Moscato di Pantelleria

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40
Q

What is the primary grape of Pantelleria?

A

Zibbibo (W)

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41
Q

What does the term Liquoroso mean?

A

A fortified wine

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42
Q

What grape variety has its traditional home in the Eloro DOC?

A

Nero d’Avola (R)

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43
Q

What type of wine is made in Cerasuolo do Vittoria DOCG?

A

A blend of Nero d’Avola (R) & Frappato (R)

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44
Q

What is Sicilia’s only DOCG?

A

Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG

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45
Q

What is the climate in Contea di Scalfani DOC?

A

Continental due to inland location

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46
Q

What appellation is the only one that uses the Nocera (R) grape?

A

Faro DOC

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47
Q

What is the only appellation besides Etna DOC where Nerello Mascalese (R) and Nerello Cappuccio (R) are considered traditonal?

A

Faro DOC

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48
Q

What are the main grapes of the Etna Bianco DOC?

A

Carricante (W) min 60%
Catarratto (W) max 40%

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49
Q

What is the main grape in Etna Rosso DOC?

A

Nerello Mascalese (R) min 80%
Nerello Cappuccio (R) max 20%

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50
Q

what is the soil on Etna DOC?

A

Dark, loose volcanic soil over lava subsoil
Phylloxera resistant

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51
Q

What is a “Contrada” on Sicilia?

A

A small geographic subdivision like a neighborhood

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52
Q

Where are the vineyards located on MT Etna?

A

Located in 20 villages in a reverse C around the volcano

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53
Q

What was Sicilia’s first DOC?

A

Etna DOC

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54
Q

How long does Marsala Virgin need to mature in wood?

A

5 years
10 years for Riserva (Stravecchio)

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55
Q

What can you add to the base wine when making Marsala Conciati (Superior/Fine)

A

Grape spirit / ethyl alcohol
Mosto Cotto (cooked must)
Sifone (fortified grape must)
Mosto Concentrate

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56
Q

What can you add to the base wine when making Marsala Virgine?

A

Grape spirit or ethyl alcohol
NOTHING ELSE

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57
Q

What are the 4 main grapes used in the production of Marsala?

A

Grillo (W)
Catarratto (W)
Inzolia / Ansonica (W)
Damaschino (W)

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58
Q

What grape is Frappato (R) often blended with?

A

Nero d’Avola (R)

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59
Q

Where is the noble Nerello Mascalese (R) grape primarily grown?

A

Mount Etna

60
Q

What is Nero d’Avola (R) officially listed as?

A

Calabrese (R)

61
Q

What grapes is Malvasia di Lipari (W) genetically identical to?

A

Malvasia di Sardegna (W)
Greco Bianco (W)

62
Q

What is the DOC/G % of production in Sicilia?

A

20% and growing

63
Q

What is the largest Italian region and the largest island in the Mediterranean?

64
Q

What mountains are on Sicilia?

A

The Sicilian Apennines and Mt Etna

65
Q

What is the climate on Sicilia?

A

Mediterranean becoming more continental inland and at elevation

66
Q

What is the traditional vine training system used in Sicilia?

67
Q

What grape is Zibbibo (W) the Sicilian name for?

A

Muscat of Alexandria (W)

68
Q

What native white grape is grown on the high slopes of Etna?

A

Carricante (W)
Primary grape of Etna Bianco DOC

69
Q

What are the NTK white grapes of Sicilia?

A

Catarratto Bianco (W)
Grillo (W)
Inzolia (W)
Zibbibo (W)
Carricante (W)
Malvasia di Lipari (W)

70
Q

What are the NTK native and traditional red grapes of Sicilia?

A

Nero d’Avola (R)
Nerello Mascalese (R)
Frappato (R)

71
Q

What are the 2 biotypes of Catarratto Bianco (W)

A

Catarratto Bianco Comune (W)
Catarratto Bianco Lucido (W) (Higher quality)

72
Q

What 2 grapes are the natural crossing that created the Grillo (W) grape?

A

Catarratto Bianco (W) & Zibbibo (W)

73
Q

What is the soil like on the hills of Sicilia?

A

Clay & Limestone

74
Q

Which side of Sicilia has mostly white wine and which side has mostly red wine?

A

Western side - mostly white
Eastern side - mostly red

75
Q

What is the most planted grape on Sicilia?

A

Catarratto Bianco (W) @ 33%

76
Q

What is the most planted red grape?

A

Nero d’Avola (R)

77
Q

What is the native/international split between grapes?

A

80% native
20% International

78
Q

What appellation covers the Aeolian islands?

A

Malvasia del Lipari DOC

79
Q

What is the most renowned wine of Pantelleria DOC?

A

Passito di Pantelleria made with air dried Zibbibo (W) grapes

80
Q

How are the vines in Pantelleria DOC trained to combat the hot Sirocco winds?

A

In shallow holes using a low version of Alberello

81
Q

What hot dry wind that blows about 300 days/year can interrupt the ripening process on Pantelleria?

A

The hot Sirocco wind from Africa

82
Q

What wine has been produced in the Pantelleria DOC since ancient times?

A

Air dried Zibbibo (W) sweet Passito wine

83
Q

What is the largest of Sicilia’s islands and is closest to Africa?

A

Pantelleria

84
Q

What appellation is the traditional home of Nero d’Avola (R)?

85
Q

What is the ideal Frappato (R) reddish, iron rich soil in Cerasuolo de Vittoria DOCG called?

A

Terra Rossa

86
Q

What was Sicilia’s first DOCG?

A

Cerasuolo de Vittoria DOCG

87
Q

What two wines are permitted in the Contea di Scalfani DOC?

A

Contea di Scalfani Rosso
Contea di Scalfani Bianco

88
Q

What is the process of adding grape spirit or alcohol or grape must called?

89
Q

What is Marsala Fine?

A

Lowest grade
also called Conciati
Majority is cooking wine
80% of production

90
Q

What is Marsala Superiore?

A

Called Marsala Conciati
Aging 2 years minimum 18% abv
20% of total production
Additions include multiple products & musts

91
Q

What is Marsala Virgin?

A
  • Only concentrated spirit (aquavit) or ethyl alcohol can be added
  • Most authentic and complex marsala
92
Q

What are the grapes of Marsala?

A

Grillo (W) - Most important for quality
Catarratto (W) - High yields & oxidizes
Inzolia (W) - Adds perfume
Damaschino (W) - minor role

93
Q

What is the area covered by the Marsala DOC?

A

Roughly the entire western corner of Sicilia
It is one of the warmest and driest in Italy

94
Q

What British merchant put Marsala on the world map?

A

John Woodhouse

95
Q

What region of Sicilia is its most productive?

A

Western Sicilia (Val di Mazara)

96
Q

What rare red grape is Faro DOC known for?

A

Nocera (R)

97
Q

What appellation besides Etna DOC is Nerello Mascalese (R) and Nerello Cappuccio (R) considered traditional?

98
Q

What appellation has one of Sicilia’s most noteworthy terroirs?

99
Q

What are Etna Bianco wines made from?

A

min 60% Carricante (W) most are 100%

100
Q

What is Etna DOC’s signature wine?

A

Etna Rosso with a minimum of 80% Nerello Mascalese (R)

101
Q

How are vineyards on Mt Etna usually trained?

102
Q

What are “Contrade” on Sicilia?

A

Small geographical subdivisions like neighborhoods

103
Q

What was Sicilia’s first DOC?

104
Q

What are the island Appellations of Sicilia?

A

Pantelleria DOC
Malvasia delle Lipari DOC

105
Q

What are the appellations of SE Sicilia (Val di Noto)?

A

Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG
Vittoria DOC
Eloro DOC

106
Q

What are the appellations of western Sicilia (Val do Mazara)?

A

Marsala DOC
Contea di Scalfani ( or Valle Dolmo Contea di Scalfani) DOC

107
Q

What are the appellations of NE Sicilia (Val Demone)

A

Etna DOC
Faro DOC

108
Q

What are the 3 subdivisions that Sicilia can be grouped into?

A

Val Demone (NE)
Val di Noto (SE)
Val di Mazara (western)
There is also the islands of Pantelleria & Aeolian Archipelagos

109
Q

How many DOC/Gs are in Sicilia?

A

1 DOCG
23 DOC’s

110
Q

What region has Italy’s largest area under vine?

111
Q

What vine training systems account for about 80% of those used in Sicilia?

A

Guyot
Cordon Speronato

112
Q

What is the red grape historically grown around Vittoria in SE Sicilia?

A

Frappato (R)

113
Q

What is the noble red grape that is native to Mount Etna?

A

Nerello Mascalese (R), it is almost exclusive to this area

114
Q

What is the most predominant and key red grape in Sicilia?

A

Nero d’Avola (R)

115
Q

What is Nero d’Avola (R) historically known as?

116
Q

What is the grape Malvasia di Lipari (W) famous for?

A

The production of the prized and complex Passito Malvasia delle Lipari DOC wine

117
Q

Where is Carricante (W) almost exclusively grown?

A

On the slopes of Mount Etna

118
Q

Where is the Zibbibo (W) grape primarily grown?

A

The island of Pantelleria to produce sweet Passito wines

119
Q

What is the stronghold for the Inzolia (W) grape?

A

The western part of the island

120
Q

What grapes is Grillo (W) a natural cross between?

A

Catarratto Bianco (W)
Zibbibo (Muscat of Alexandria) (W)

121
Q

Since the early 20th century what grape is the principle one for Marsala production?

A

Grillo (W)

122
Q

What grape was the base for Marsala Wine?

A

Catarratto Bianco (W)

123
Q

What are the 2 main Biotypes of Catarratto Bianco (W)?

A

Catarratto Bianco Comune (W)
Catarratto Bianco Lucido (W) higher quality

124
Q

What are the NTK red grapes of Sicilia?

A

Nero d’Avola (R)
Nerello Mascalese (R)
Frappato (R)

125
Q

What are the NTK white grapes of Sicilia?

A

Catarratto Bianco (W)
Grillo (W)
Inzolia (Ansonica) (W)
Zibbibo (W)
Carricante (W)
Malvasia di Lipari (W)

126
Q

What international red grape has the most plantings?

127
Q

What is the dominant red grape of Sicilia?

A

Nero d’Avola (R)

128
Q

What white grape is substantially increasing in plantings?

A

Grillo (W)

129
Q

What is the most planted grape in Sicilia?

A

Catarratto Bianco at 30% of total but declining

130
Q

What % of grapes in Sicilia are native to the island?

131
Q

What color grape dominates eastern Sicilia?

A

Overwhelmingly red

132
Q

What grape dominates in Sicilia white or red?

A

White >60%

133
Q

What soil type surrounds Mt Etna?

A

Dark lava, ash, and volcanic debris

134
Q

What is the name of the African wind that affects Sicilia?

135
Q

What is the climate of Sicilia?

A

Mediterranean

136
Q

What are the 3 most significant rivers in Sicilia?

A

Salso
Simeto
Belice

137
Q

Where in Sicilia is Mt Etna located?

A

The NE coast

138
Q

What is the topographical makeup of Sicilia?

A

Hills 62%
Mountains 24%
Plains 14%

139
Q

What is the capital of Sicilia?

140
Q

What separates Scalia from Calabria?

A

The Straits of Messina

141
Q

What is the largest island in the Mediterranean?

142
Q

Is Sicilia Italy’s largest region?

143
Q

(T or F) Sicilia is one of Italy’s 5 Autonomous regions?

144
Q

Who first settled Sicilia?

A

The Phoenicians

145
Q

What are the 2 volcanos located on the Aeolian Island Archipelago?

A

Stromboli
Vulcano

146
Q

What largest European active volcano is located on Sicilia?

147
Q

What village Must the grape Carricante (W) for Etna Bianco Superior come from

Italian Wine Scholar South (12 decks)

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