Topic B: Economic factors that affect development Flashcards
What is the difference between absolute poverty and relative poverty?
Absolute poverty is being unable to afford essentials whereas relative poverty is being able to afford only essentials and nothing else
What are people with low-income more likely to experience?
- Ill health
- reduced opportunities
- impact on life expectancy
What are the impacts of low income?
- drugs and alcohol
- obesity and unhealthy diet
- mould and damp
- less opportunities e.g. school trips
Who is more likely to have low income?
- single parents
- unemployed people
- old people
- sick people
-unskilled couples - families with single earners
What link does poverty and education have?
- less likely to go to university
- 1.5 x more likely to be unemployed
- underachieved academically
How much behind are children with low income by the time they are 3?
9 months
What effects do no or few qualifications have on individuals?
- low self esteem
- low self image
- less opportunities
- unemployment
What are the effects of a good education?
- wider career and lifestyle choices
- higher salary
- positive self image and self esteem
- stress
What do peer groups provide?
- influenced atittudes and beliefs
- discover interests
- second source of social learning
What effects do social networking have?
- impact on values and beliefs
- life choices
- antisocial behaviour
- poor choices
What link does low income have to diet and nutrition?
- unhealthy diet due to cheap and convenient
-saturated fats and sugar, easier to prepare - less excercise
What are deficiencies and what do they cause?
Not having a balance of all nutrients
Slow healing process and affect development of bones, organs and muscles
What does lack of exercise cause?
Increased risk of type 2 diabetes, stroke and heart disease
What effect does cannabis have?
- calming effect
- effects brain function and thinking
- linked with schizophrenia and other mental health disorders
- respiratory diseases
What effect does cocaine have?
- energy boost
- feeling unwell and depressed
- increased heart rate leading to heart attack or death
What effects do ecstasy and speed have?
Feel more alert
- detrimental effects
- affects memory
- depression
- blood pressure and cause heart attacks
What is the recommended number of units an adult is limited to a week?
14
What % of men and women drink more than the recommended limit?
65% of men and 49% of women
What does alcohol increase the risk of?
-Cancer especially throat, mouth and breasts
- higher risk of heart disease, bowel cancer and liver disease
What effects do alcohol have on behavior?
- major factor of domestic abuse
- increase on mood swings
- breakdown within relationships
- accidents and unprotected intercourse
What is a positive of alcohol?
- good for socialising
moderate consumption can protect heart disease as widens arteries and reduces stress
What does tobacco increase the risk of?
- coronary heart disease
- strokes
- lung disease such as cancer and chronic bronchitis
- effects children who inhale nicotine and unborn baby if pregnant women smokes
