Topic 9b: General Medical Conditions and the Athlete Flashcards
what vitamins can decrease the symptoms of the common cold?
vitamin C and zinc
what is viral bronchitis caused by?
hemophilus influenza type A. B, C (most common is A)
fever of what degrees is a symptom of the flu?
102-103F
how fast does someone start to feel the symptoms of the flu?
24-48 hours of exposure
management for influenza?
- rest and fluids
- cough meds and analgesics for pain and fever
what should someone do if their fever does not go down from 103 within 24 hours of having fever?
refer to medical specialist
what is sinusitis caused by?
inflammation of paranasal sinus
- blocks passage way between sinuses
- can be acute (under 30 days of lasting) or chronic (longer than 2 months) (between is subacute)
symptoms of sinusitis
- congestion
- facial pain
- coloured mucus (purulent discharge) - more related to bacterial infection
- coughing
- eye swelling
- fever and chills
management of sinusitis?
- physician referral (depends on extent of symptoms)
- rest and fluids
cause of pharyngitis?
- strep throat or herpes symplex like cold sores, epsom bar syndrome
- diff causes lead to SAME symtpoms
symtpoms of pharyngitis?
- dark and red throat
- swelling can cause pain in ears
- swollen lymph glands
- low fever
- runny nose
what is pharyngitis?
viral, bacterial, or fungal infection of the pharynx, leading to a ‘sore throat’
can you let a sore throat linger?
no, it can become septic so symptoms should be treated (analgesics and physician referral)
tonsilitis
what is allergic rhinitis (hay fever)?
caused by pollen, dust, mold
- antibodies will respond
signs and symptoms of hay fever?
- itchy eyes, throat, mouth and nose
- watering eyes
- sinus-type headache
management for hay fever
oral antihistamines and decongestants
what can acute bronchitis cause?
pneumonia
symptoms of acute bronchitis?
- yellowish mucus
- fever for 3-5 days
- cough which lingers
- nasal inflammation
what is pneumonia?
- gas exchange will not be efficient in lungs
- alveolar and bronchiole infection
- compromised diaphragm
signs and symptoms of pneumonia?
- pain when breathing
- yellow mucus
viral infections:
- low grade fever
- muscle aches
- nagging cough
- fatigue
management of pneumonia?
- antiboiotics
- analgesics
viral:
- rest and fluids
- control other symptosm with medications
can pneumonia progress?
yes, can even lead to death
what is asthma triggered by?
- huge variety
- range from someone having migraines, temp changes, dust, exercise
- allergens
- pollutants
- cause unclear
- narrowed airway
signs and symptoms of asthma?
- shortness of breath
- wheezing
- tight chest
- rapid fatigue
management of asthma?
- most efficient is a puffer
- cannot use other persons puffer
what does asthma effect?
- bronchioles
diabetes
symptoms for diabetes?
- blurred vision
- weight loss
- sweet acetone smelling breath
- hyperventilation
- upset stomach
- polyuria (frequent urination)
- glycosuria (sweet pee)
complications of diabetes? what can it cause?
- CVD (80% of diabetics will die from CVD; stroke or heart attack)
- nerve damage (foot neuropathy, leg amputation)
- something can happen and you wont notice which can result in negrosis which leads to amputation
- kidney disease
- blindness (diabetes is most common cause)
- diabetic coma
- insulin shock
what causes diabetic coma?
hyperglycemia
what is a diabetic coma?
- loss of sodium, potassium, and ketone bodies through excessive urination
signs and symptoms of diabetic coma?
- labored breathing, fruity-smelling breath, nausea, vomiting, thirst
how does exercise help diabetics?
- increases insulin action and enhances glucocse tolerance
- vigorous activity
- HR, glucose, diet and urinary response need to be considered
What is epileps-p.
Used to describe symptoms of seizure
What is a seizure?
Abnormal electrical discharge in the brain
What causes and triggers a seizure
Idiopathic (unknown)
Or causes that can provoke (traumatic)
Ex.
- Could be a brain tumour
- stroke
- infections
- febrile
- high fever
- poor sleep and stress
- poor nutrition and blood sugar
- bright lights
Three types of seizures
- Partial
- Generalized
- Special epileptic syndrome
- febrile
What happens in simple partial seizures
Involuntary movement of face and limbs
- numbers and tingling in limbs
- temp loss of feeling or use of limbs
- temp paralysis
- one SPECIFIC part of brain, causing problems in specific part of body
What does a complex partial seizure do?
Impairment of consciousness
What is a tonic-clonic seizure
- more serious
- stiff muscles and rhyming contraction
- loss of consciousness
After how long during a seizure should EMS be called?
5 min
Symptoms of generalized seizures
- ## uncontrolled bowel
What is absence in seizures?
Characterized by slight loss of consciousness
- more common in 4-8 year old children
Can seizures be treated?
Yes with Medication
How can exercise affect seizures?
-
When do seizures more commonly happen?
When someone is idling, like sleeping. Or at end of competition
- less common when exercising
First aid for seizures
- make people feel comfortable and safe
- protect from objects that cause injuries
- padding under head
- loosen restrictive equipment and clothing
- do not restrain the athlete
- do not place objects in the athletes mouth
What to do after someone has a seizure?
- ABCs
- put in recovery position
- remain with athlete until consiousness fully regained
- activate EMS of
- first time seizure
- continuous seizure
- continuous successive seizure
- athlete has been injured during seizure
