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KINE2495: Introduction To Sport Related Injuries > Topic 9b: General Medical Conditions and the Athlete > Flashcards

Topic 9b: General Medical Conditions and the Athlete Flashcards

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3
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what vitamins can decrease the symptoms of the common cold?

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vitamin C and zinc

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4
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what is viral bronchitis caused by?

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hemophilus influenza type A. B, C (most common is A)

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5
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fever of what degrees is a symptom of the flu?

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102-103F

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6
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how fast does someone start to feel the symptoms of the flu?

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24-48 hours of exposure

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7
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management for influenza?

A
  • rest and fluids
  • cough meds and analgesics for pain and fever
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8
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what should someone do if their fever does not go down from 103 within 24 hours of having fever?

A

refer to medical specialist

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9
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what is sinusitis caused by?

A

inflammation of paranasal sinus
- blocks passage way between sinuses

  • can be acute (under 30 days of lasting) or chronic (longer than 2 months) (between is subacute)
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10
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symptoms of sinusitis

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  • congestion
  • facial pain
  • coloured mucus (purulent discharge) - more related to bacterial infection
  • coughing
  • eye swelling
  • fever and chills
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11
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management of sinusitis?

A
  • physician referral (depends on extent of symptoms)
  • rest and fluids
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12
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cause of pharyngitis?

A
  • strep throat or herpes symplex like cold sores, epsom bar syndrome
  • diff causes lead to SAME symtpoms
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13
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symtpoms of pharyngitis?

A
  • dark and red throat
  • swelling can cause pain in ears
  • swollen lymph glands
  • low fever
  • runny nose
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14
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what is pharyngitis?

A

viral, bacterial, or fungal infection of the pharynx, leading to a ‘sore throat’

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15
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can you let a sore throat linger?

A

no, it can become septic so symptoms should be treated (analgesics and physician referral)

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16
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tonsilitis

A
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17
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what is allergic rhinitis (hay fever)?

A

caused by pollen, dust, mold

  • antibodies will respond
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18
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signs and symptoms of hay fever?

A
  • itchy eyes, throat, mouth and nose
  • watering eyes
  • sinus-type headache
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19
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management for hay fever

A

oral antihistamines and decongestants

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20
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what can acute bronchitis cause?

A

pneumonia

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21
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symptoms of acute bronchitis?

A
  • yellowish mucus
  • fever for 3-5 days
  • cough which lingers
  • nasal inflammation
22
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what is pneumonia?

A
  • gas exchange will not be efficient in lungs
  • alveolar and bronchiole infection
  • compromised diaphragm
23
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signs and symptoms of pneumonia?

A
  • pain when breathing
  • yellow mucus

viral infections:
- low grade fever
- muscle aches
- nagging cough
- fatigue

24
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management of pneumonia?

A
  • antiboiotics
  • analgesics

viral:
- rest and fluids
- control other symptosm with medications

25
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can pneumonia progress?

A

yes, can even lead to death

26
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what is asthma triggered by?

A
  • huge variety
  • range from someone having migraines, temp changes, dust, exercise
  • allergens
  • pollutants
  • cause unclear
  • narrowed airway
27
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signs and symptoms of asthma?

A
  • shortness of breath
  • wheezing
  • tight chest
  • rapid fatigue
28
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management of asthma?

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  • most efficient is a puffer
  • cannot use other persons puffer
29
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what does asthma effect?

A
  • bronchioles
30
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diabetes

A
31
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symptoms for diabetes?

A
  • blurred vision
  • weight loss
  • sweet acetone smelling breath
  • hyperventilation
  • upset stomach
  • polyuria (frequent urination)
  • glycosuria (sweet pee)
32
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complications of diabetes? what can it cause?

A
  • CVD (80% of diabetics will die from CVD; stroke or heart attack)
  • nerve damage (foot neuropathy, leg amputation)
    • something can happen and you wont notice which can result in negrosis which leads to amputation
  • kidney disease
  • blindness (diabetes is most common cause)
  • diabetic coma
  • insulin shock
33
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what causes diabetic coma?

A

hyperglycemia

34
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what is a diabetic coma?

A
  • loss of sodium, potassium, and ketone bodies through excessive urination
35
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signs and symptoms of diabetic coma?

A
  • labored breathing, fruity-smelling breath, nausea, vomiting, thirst
36
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A
37
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how does exercise help diabetics?

A
  • increases insulin action and enhances glucocse tolerance
  • vigorous activity
  • HR, glucose, diet and urinary response need to be considered
38
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What is epileps-p.

A

Used to describe symptoms of seizure

39
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What is a seizure?

A

Abnormal electrical discharge in the brain

40
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What causes and triggers a seizure

A

Idiopathic (unknown)
Or causes that can provoke (traumatic)
Ex.
- Could be a brain tumour
- stroke
- infections
- febrile
- high fever
- poor sleep and stress
- poor nutrition and blood sugar
- bright lights

41
Q

Three types of seizures

A
  1. Partial
  2. Generalized
  3. Special epileptic syndrome
    - febrile
42
Q

What happens in simple partial seizures

A

Involuntary movement of face and limbs
- numbers and tingling in limbs
- temp loss of feeling or use of limbs
- temp paralysis
- one SPECIFIC part of brain, causing problems in specific part of body

43
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What does a complex partial seizure do?

A

Impairment of consciousness

44
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What is a tonic-clonic seizure

A
  • more serious
  • stiff muscles and rhyming contraction
  • loss of consciousness
45
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After how long during a seizure should EMS be called?

A

5 min

46
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Symptoms of generalized seizures

A
  • ## uncontrolled bowel
47
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What is absence in seizures?

A

Characterized by slight loss of consciousness
- more common in 4-8 year old children

48
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Can seizures be treated?

A

Yes with Medication

49
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How can exercise affect seizures?

A

-

50
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When do seizures more commonly happen?

A

When someone is idling, like sleeping. Or at end of competition
- less common when exercising

51
Q

First aid for seizures

A
  • make people feel comfortable and safe
  • protect from objects that cause injuries
  • padding under head
  • loosen restrictive equipment and clothing
  • do not restrain the athlete
  • do not place objects in the athletes mouth
52
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What to do after someone has a seizure?

A
  • ABCs
  • put in recovery position
  • remain with athlete until consiousness fully regained
  • activate EMS of
    • first time seizure
    • continuous seizure
    • continuous successive seizure
    • athlete has been injured during seizure

KINE2495: Introduction To Sport Related Injuries (18 decks)

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