Topic 8: Drugs and Sport Flashcards
What is a drug?
a chemical agent used in prevention, treatment or diagnosis of disease
- ancient practice dating back to the egyptians
- many are derived from natural sources
- drugs that have in the past ome from nature are now produced synthetically
what is pharmakinetics?
method by which drugs pass through the body
what does the way a drug is injested have to do with the body?
what effect it will have on the body
what do drugs need to do in order to be effective?
they need to reach a receptor in the tissue
what is pharmacodynamics?
the actions or effects of drugs on the body
do drugs need to dissolve before absorption?
yes
what are the rate and extent of drug absorption determined by?
chemical characteristics of the drug, dosage and gastricemptying time
what is bioavailability?
how completely a drug is absorbed by the system
what is the first path method of drugs?
first pass through the liver in order to be utilized further
what does the drugs do once they are absorbed?
the drug is transported through blood to the target tissue
what happens to most drugs that are not used up?
secreted through our urine
where does metabolism take place?
mostly in the liver, while others in the blood and kidneys
drug excretion is controlled by what organ?
kidneys
what is drug half-life?
the amount of time required for the plasma drug level to be reduced by one-half. either measured in minutes, hours or days MOSTLY
pathway for pharmacokinetics?
administration (enteral or parenteral)
–>
absorption (rate is determined by the rate of dissolution, surface area, blood flow and liquid solubility)
–>
distribution (affected by blood flow)
–>
metabolism (drug’s structure is broken down into metabolites)
–>
excretion (drug is removed from the body through the urine, sweat, bile, saliva, breast milk, or lungs)
