Topic 3: Injury Prevention Flashcards
who should be making any health related decisions?
health care professionals
what is an epidemiologist?
the professional that studies the rate and determinants of injury
- use research methods to investigate the rates and determinants of injury and disease
Define EpidemiOLOGY
the study of the distribution and determinants of the varying rates of diseases, injuries, or other health states in human populations
- there is a cause to any injury or problem or disease that happens, NOT bad luck
how will epidemiologists determine the causes of a disease?
they will combine knowledge of research methods and research health related problems
what are epidemiological factors?
how often an injury or illness occurs with respect to 3 variables:
- person
- place
- time
epidemiologists search for the why
- they consider any or all of the factors that could be impacting the outcome
What aspects will need to be considered with respect to the ‘person’ variable in epidemiological factors?
age, ethnicity, lifestyle, sex
What aspects will need to be considered with respect to the ‘place’ variable in epidemiological factors?
- climate, diet, population density, playing surface
What aspects will need to be considered with respect to the ‘time’ variable in epidemiological factors?
- viruses are better in cold and bacteria is better is warm
- ex. cold happens when seasons changes
what does knowing the cause of an injury or illness do for us?
- helps to determine what the best means of prevention or the best course of treatment
- know if a rule affects it
- help monitor health of community
- see if equipment is being used properly
ways to prevent injury and promote wellness:
- conduct PPE (pre-seasonal exam)
- explain important diets and lifestyle choices
- develop training and conditioning programs
- select and fit protective equipment properly
- ensure appropriate medication use and discourage substance abuse
- ensure safe environment
main purpose of a pre-participation exam (PPE)?
pick up the problems that could predispose an athlete to injury
what are our MACROnutrients and what are their roles?
- carbs, proteins and fats
- production of energy
- growth, repair, and tissue maintenance
what are our MICROnutrients and what are their roles?
- vitamins, minerals and water
- regulation of body processes
how is ATP initially produced?
from the breakdown of glucose in muscle AKA anaerobic metabolism
What is ATP?
our immediate energy source
when is utilizing fat as an energy source occur?
only under aerobic conditions like longer duration activities.
the type of ATP production is determined by what?
intensity.
short burst (high intensity) = anaerobic
vs.
long duration (sustained intensity) = aerobic
what is our bodys most efficient energy source?
carbohydrates
what are carbohydrates two main components?
- simple carbohydrates (simple sugars)
- complex carbohydrates (starches and fibers)
how does the body use starch?
it breaks it down into simple sugars and unused starched are stored as glycogen
types of fibers
- soluble
- insoluble
what does fiber do?
- it aids in the normal elimination of waste
- prevents colon cancer
- reduces incidences of constipation and other bowel issues like colitis
- help with diabetes
what does too much fiber do?
intestinal discomfort and constipation
what does excess protein get converted into?
fat
