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ChE 145 Long Exam 3 > [Topic 9] Rubber Industries > Flashcards

[Topic 9] Rubber Industries Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Rubber (2)

A
  1. Natural Rubber
  2. Synthetic Rubber
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2
Q

Is a natural occurring polymer synthesized from “rubber trees” in the form of latex.

A

Natural Rubber

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3
Q

Rubber that is synthesized from byproducts of petroleum.

A

Synthetic rubber

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4
Q

Tree that produces latex

A

Hevea brasiliensis

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5
Q

Tree that produces balata

A

Manilkara bidentata

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6
Q

Tree that produces chicle

A

Manilkara chicle

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7
Q

Widely used synthetic rubber

A

Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)

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8
Q

Classification of rubbers according to class (4)

A
  1. Elastomers (Class I)
  2. Hard Plastics (Class II)
  3. Reinforcing Resins (Class III)
  4. Paint Vehicles (Class IV)
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9
Q

Types of Elastomers (2)

A
  1. Vulcanizable
  2. Nonvulcanizable and other elastomers
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10
Q

Types of vulcanizable rubbers (2)

A
  1. Diene rubbers
  2. Nondiene rubbers
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11
Q

Classification of rubbers according to chemical composition (coded)

A
  1. M rubbers
  2. N rubbers
  3. O rubbers
  4. R rubbers
  5. Q rubbers
  6. T rubbers
  7. U rubbers
  8. Z rubbers
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12
Q

having a saturated chain of the polymethylene type

A

M rubbers

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13
Q

Having nitrogen in the polymer chain but not oxygen or phosphorous

A

N rubbers

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14
Q

Having oxygen in the polymer chain

A

O rubbers

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15
Q

Having an unsaturated carbon chain

A

R rubbers

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16
Q

Having silicone and oxygen in the polymer chain

A

Q rubbers

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17
Q

Having sulfur in the polymer chain

A

T rubbers

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18
Q

Having carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen in the polymer chain

A

U rubbers

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19
Q

Having phosphorous and nitrogen in the polymer chain

A

Z rubbers

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20
Q

A symbol for rubber in making acronyms for rubber names

A

R

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21
Q

Generally process via emulsion polymerization

A

Copolymers

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22
Q

What is SBR?

A

Styrene-Butadiene Rubber

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23
Q

What is NBR?

A

Nitrile-Butadiene Rubbers

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24
Q

Also known as polychloroprene, is one of the first synthetic rubber products ever made.

A

Neoprene

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25
Q

Other rubber products in the industry (7) aside from SBR

A
  1. NBR
  2. Neoprene
  3. Thiokol
  4. Silicone Rubber
  5. Butyl Rubber
  6. Urethane Rubber
  7. Hypalon
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26
Q

Is spandex a brand or a product?

A

Product

27
Q

Advantages of synthetic natural fiber (7)

A
  1. Better color
  2. Uniform in quality
  3. Lower odor
  4. faster processing breakdown and mixing
  5. Better extrusion and calendering
  6. Excellent mold flow
  7. Controlled molecular weight
28
Q

Production process for rubber making

A

Natsyn Process

29
Q

This catalyst is used in Natsyn Process in rubber making.

A

Ziegler-Natta (Alkyl Lithium)

30
Q

It means termination of polymer chain using chain termination agents.

A

Short Stop

31
Q

Used as roofing materials where they are replacing hot asphalt and used in wire and cable insulation.

A

Ethylene-Propylene Polymers and Tetrapolymers

32
Q

It is the process of cross-linking rubber molecules chemically with organic/inorganic substances through the action of heat and pressure using vulcanizing agents.

A

Vulcanizing (Bulkit)

33
Q

Temperature required for vulcanizing

A

140-200 deg Cel

34
Q

Temperature required for vulcanizing of latex dipped goods.

A

60-120 deg Cel with no pressure

35
Q

Any numerous chemical additives that encourage the suspension of one liquid in another.

A

Emulsifier

36
Q

A solution that lessens the impact on pH from the addition of acid or base.

A

Buffers

37
Q

Chemicals that are added to improve the properties of the product.

A

Modifiers

38
Q

The watery part of the rubber mixture.

A

Serum

39
Q

A class of rubber chemical which are added to a compound to increase the speed of vulcanization.

A

Accelerators

40
Q

Substances other than the catalyst that facilitate the start of a catalytic reaction.

A

Activators

41
Q

Substances added to slow down the rate of chemical reaction.

A

Retarders

42
Q

Substances that interrupts free-radicals chain reactions and thus prevent further degradation.

A

Antioxidants

43
Q

Substances that is added to protect against damage from ozone.

A

Antiozonates

44
Q

Substances added to the polymer to improve the properties and reduce cost of production.

A

Fillers

45
Q

Substances that makes the product flow with ease.

A

Softeners and extenders

46
Q

Substances capable of producing a cellular structure via foaming process in a variety of materials that undergo hardening or phase transition.

A

Blowing Agents

47
Q

Substances that promote plasticity and flexibility.

A

Chemical Plasticizers

48
Q

It serve as either oxidation catalysts or radical acceptors, which essentially remove free radicals formed during the initial mixing of the elastomer.

A

Peptizers

49
Q

Extruder used to remove water from a material or product, often before further processing. This process might not involve heat and relies on mechanical pressure.

A

Extruder Dewatering

50
Q

Usually involves heat to remove moisture from the product after it has been extruded. It’s a subsequent step where the extruded product is sent into a low-temperature dryer to remove moisture.

A

Extruder Drying

51
Q

Tire Manufacturing Steps (6)

A
  1. Mixing
  2. Extrusion
  3. Calendering
  4. Tire Building
  5. Curing
  6. Measuring and Testing
52
Q

Natural and synthetic rubbers are mixed with many other chemicals to create a compound that serves a particular purpose within the tire.

A

Mixing

53
Q

Rubber is pushed through a die to create shapes made of one or more different compounds in different locations to be used in the tire.

A

Extrusion

54
Q

It is pressed into a rubber sheet or impregnated into fabric or steel to create a rubber-coated reinforced sheet to be cut into components for the tire.

A

Calendering

55
Q

Takes all the components listed on the specification to create the uncured (green) tire.

A

Tire Building

56
Q

True or False: The tire is assembled from the inside out by wrapping the components around a drum and forcing them together using internal air pressure and rollers pressing from the outside to consolidate the components together.

A

True

57
Q

The uncured or green tire is placed into a mold which is mounted into a press.

A

Curing

58
Q

True or False: Once the tire is loaded into the press, a bladder inflates into the tire at high pressure to hold the tire in place as the mold closes around the tire.

A

False: low pressure

59
Q

True or False: In curing, once closed, low pressure steam or gas fills the bladder forcing the tire into the mold to take the final shape of the tire.

A

False: high pressure

60
Q

The cured tire goes to a machine where it is inflated and ran against a wheel at a certain load and inflation pressure.

A

Measuring and Testing

61
Q

This measures variation in forces that would be exerted against the road.

A

Measuring and Testing

62
Q

A machine used to balance the tire.

A

Balance Machine

63
Q

Who discovered vulcanization?

A

Charles Goodyear

64
Q

Rubber was named by him.

A

Joseph Priestly

ChE 145 Long Exam 3 (12 decks)

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