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ChE 145 Long Exam 3 > [Topic 10] Salt and Miscellaneous Sodium Compounds > Flashcards

[Topic 10] Salt and Miscellaneous Sodium Compounds Flashcards

1
Q

The word ______ comes from the word salt.

A

salary

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2
Q

Properties of salts (7)

A
  1. white, crystalline powder
  2. water-soluble
  3. melts at 801 deg Cel
  4. specific gravity of 2.165
  5. non-combustible
  6. low toxicity
  7. contains magnesium compounds
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3
Q

Melting point of salt

A

801 degrees celsius

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4
Q

Specific gravity of salt

A

2.165

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5
Q

Uses of salt (5)

A
  1. Industry - serves as a raw material
  2. Food - seasoning
  3. Water Treatment - water softening
  4. Roads - prevent the build-up of ice
  5. Textile - dyeing of materials
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6
Q

Ways of manufacturing salt (3)

A
  1. Solar Evaporation
  2. Rock Salt Mining
  3. Solution Mining
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7
Q

This way of manufacturing has a purity of 99%.

A

Solar Evaporation

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8
Q

This way of manufacturing has a purity of 95-99.5%.

A

Rock Salt Mining

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9
Q

This way of manufacturing has a purity of 98%.

A

Solution Mining

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10
Q

Process of solar evaporation

A

Evaporation > Precipitation > Crystallization > Harvesting > Storage > Processing (washing & drying) and Packaging > Distribution

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11
Q

It is the generic name used to describe any product produced in an acid-base reaction.

A

Salt

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12
Q

Salt became the root for the Latin word _______.

A

salarium

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13
Q

These gave salt its yellow, red, blue, or purple color to otherwise transparent salt crystals.

A
  1. MgCl2
  2. MgSO4
  3. MgBr2
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14
Q

Raw material of solar evaporation

A

sea water or natural brine

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15
Q

The process in solar evaporation that gives salt high purity.

A

Precipitation

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16
Q

This method is used for rock salt mining

A

Room and Pillar Mining

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17
Q

The rock salt is initially size-reduced and screened before it is lifted to surface.

A

Rock Salt Mining

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18
Q

Raw Materials for solution mining

A

water and salt deposits

19
Q

Water is pumped down to dissolve the salt underground. The resulting brine solution is then sent back to the surface for refining and processing.

A

Solution Mining

20
Q

Three Processes to process and refine brine (3)

A
  1. Vacuum Pan System
  2. Grainer System or Open Pan System
  3. Alberger System
21
Q

In vacuum pan system, brine is concentrated through the use of ________.

A

multi-effect evaporator

22
Q

Typically how many effects are utilized in vacuum pan system?

A

3-4 effects using co-current steam

23
Q

A long open pan heated by steam running through pipes immersed in the brine.

A

Grainer

24
Q

The main difference between the grainer and vacuum pan system.

A

Evaporation Process

25
Q

Combination of the vacuum pan and grainer system.

A

Alberger System

26
Q

The brine is heated in a series of heaters using steam produced from flashers.

A

Alberger System

27
Q

It is important in preparation of IV and saline solutions and as a chemical agent for drug formulations.

A

Pharma-grade salt

28
Q

One major miscellaneous sodium compound.

A

Sodium sulfate

29
Q

Sodium sulfate is called ______ when anhydrous and Glauber’s salt are hydrated.

A

salt cake

30
Q

It is used as a bulking and anti-caking agent in detergent powder for ease of use and prevent clumping of particles together.

A

sodium sulfate

31
Q

It is a white crystalline solid that is the sodium salt of sulfuric acid.

A

Sodium sulfate

32
Q

Reaction of NaHSO4 with NaCl that produces sulfate and HCl gas.

A

Mannheim Process

33
Q

Reducing agent in tanning industry, chemical intermediates

A

Sodium Bisulfate

34
Q

bleach for wool and silk, antichlor after bleaching yarns

A

Sodium sulfite and Bisulfite

35
Q

Dyeing and printing

A

Sodium Hydrosulfite

36
Q

Reducing agent in amino compounds, dyes, leather depilatory

A

Sodium sulfide

37
Q

photography, antichlor for bleaching cellulose products

A

Sodium thiosulfate

38
Q

ore flotation, dyestuff, leather depilatory

A

Sodium hydrosulfide

39
Q

diazotization of amines

A

Sodium nitrate

40
Q

silica-based catalyst, glass, silica gels, soaps, and detergents

A

Sodium silicates

41
Q

oxidizing agent, bleaching

A

sodium peroxide

42
Q

mouthwash

A

sodium perborate

43
Q

dehydrating agent, strong base

A

sodium amide

44
Q

treating gold ores, case-hardening steel, electroplating

A

sodium cyanide and ferrocyanide

ChE 145 Long Exam 3 (12 decks)

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