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COMPARATIVE ANATOMY LEC > TOPIC 7 - URINARY SYSTEM > Flashcards

TOPIC 7 - URINARY SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

System that deals with reproductive system or reproduction

A

Genital system

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2
Q

System that deals with urinary excretion

A

Urinary system

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3
Q

Other term for urogenital system

A

Urogenital system/Apparatus urogenitalis

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4
Q

Remnant structure that gives rise to male reproductive system

A

Wolffian ducts

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5
Q

Remnant structure that gives rise to female reproductive system

A

Paramesonephric/mesonephric/mullerian ducts

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6
Q

What are the primary functions of urinary system?

A
  1. Removal of waste
  2. Regulates the composition of blood plasma
  3. Elimination of urine
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7
Q

Paired, reddish-brown organ which are generally bean-shaped.

A

Kidneys

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8
Q

Kidneys are located at the ____ part of abdominal cavity, at the side of ____ and _____ _____ just ventral to first few _____ vertebra.

A

dorsal; aorta; vena cava; lumbar

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9
Q

Kidneys usually extend from lumbar ____ to lumbar ____ ventrally.

A

1;4

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10
Q

In most domestic animals, left kidney is more cranial than right. True or False?

A

False, other way around.

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11
Q

Fibroconnective tissue covering of kidney

A

Renal capsule

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12
Q

Indented portion of kidney where renal artery, renal vein, and ureter enter.

A

Renal hilus

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13
Q

Interdigitations of renal pyramids

A

Renal papilla

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14
Q

Structure situated between renal papilla

A

Minor calices

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15
Q

Minor calices fuse to form ____ calices which is continuous with ____ ____.

A

major; renal pelvis

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16
Q

What are the regions of the kidney?

A
  1. Renal cortex
  2. Renal medulla
  3. Renal pelvis
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17
Q

Functional or structural unit of kidney

A

Nephron

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18
Q

Two components of renal corpuscles

A

Glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule

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19
Q

Part of nephron that filters blood from afferent and efferent arteriole

A

Glomerulus

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20
Q

Part of nephron that collect the filtrate from glomerulus

A

Bowman’s capsule

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21
Q

Part of nephron that reabsorbs glucose & amino acidsd

A

Proximal tubules

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22
Q

Part of nephron that is the target site for diuretic agents and anti-diuretic hormones

A

Distal tubules

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23
Q

Give the different renal blood vessels.

A
  1. Renal artery and veins
  2. Interlobar arteries and vein
  3. Arcuate arteries and vein
  4. Interlobular arteries and vein (afferent and
    efferent arterioles)
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24
Q

Tubes that connect renal pelvis of the kidney to urinary bladder

A

Ureters

25
Q

Narrow muscular portion o the excretory ducts of the kidneys

A

Ureter

26
Q

Each ureter leaves the renal pelvis and ends by penetrating the _____ wall of the bladder at an _____ angle.

A

dorsal; oblique

27
Q

The end of the ureters is valved. True or False?

A

True

28
Q

What prevent regurgitation in ureters?

A
  1. Valve
  2. Oblique angle
29
Q

Hollow pyriform/pyramidal muscular sac lying on the pelvic floor which serves as temporary storage site for urine

A

Urinary bladder

30
Q

According to the distension of urinary bladder, it can extend onto ____ abdominal wall.

A

ventral

31
Q

Which aspect of urinary bladder bloats when filled with urine?

A

Ventral aspect

32
Q

Main part of the urinary bladder having a dorsal and ventral surface.

A

Body

33
Q

The constricted portion of the urinary bladder continuous posteriorly with the urethra.

A

Neck

34
Q

The blunt, flask-shaped anterior extremity of urinary bladder that is attached to the urethra.

A

Fundus

35
Q

It is the scar on the fundus which indicates the fetal attachment of the urachus.

A

Centrum

36
Q

During embryonic and fetal development, urinary bladder is connected to the umbilicus by way of _____.

A

Urachus

37
Q

The triangular area in the vicinity of the neck of urinary bladder; formed by mucous membrane.

A

Trigone

38
Q

What structure dictates the need to urinate?

A

Trigone

39
Q

Three peritoneal folds keeping the urinary bladder in position

A

a. Middle umbilical folds
b. Two lateral umbilical folds

40
Q

This structure commences at the neck of the bladder and terminates at the exterior.

A

Urethra

41
Q

The only accessory gland present in dog

A

Prostate gland

42
Q

Portion of urethra extending from bladder to ischial arch; internal inside abdominal cavity

A

Pelvic urethra

43
Q

Portion of urethra extending from ischial arch to glans penis; exterior near penile region

A

Extra-pelvic urethra

44
Q

UTI are more common in females due to ?

A

Length or relative size of their urethra

45
Q

Female urethra is short and dilatable. True or False?

A

True

46
Q

Renal pelvis of kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra are lined with what type of epithelium?

A

Transitional epithelium

47
Q

Near the urethral orifice, the usual type of epithelium changes into what epithelium?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

48
Q

This animal’s kidney has no renal pelvis.

A

Ox

49
Q

This animal’s kidney is lobulated.

A

Ox

50
Q

Within this animal’s kidney, the minor calyces embrace the renal papillae leading into major calyces into ureter.

A

Ox, pig

51
Q

The renal papillae of this animal is fused to form renal crest.

A

Horse, sheep

52
Q

The right kidney of horse is in what shape?

A

Heart-shaped

53
Q

The left kidney of horse is in what shaped?

A

Bean-shaped

54
Q

This animal’s kidney is bean-shaped and its renal crest has two projections namely dorsal & ventral buttresses.

A

Sheep

55
Q

This animal’s kidney is bean-shaped and its renal pyramids are fused but their papillae are separate.

A

Pig

56
Q

This animal’s kidney is bean-shaped and its renal pyramids fused into renal crest.

A

Dog

57
Q

The renal crest of this animal’s kidney projects into distinct renal pelvis.

A

Dog

58
Q

The subscapular renal vessels found in the kidneys of Felidae

A

Stellate veins

COMPARATIVE ANATOMY LEC (10 decks)

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