Topic 6 - NERVOUS SYSTEM IV - Motor "Output" - Somatic Nervous System Flashcards
draw diagram for somatic nervous system

what are the 3 types of movement of the somatic nervous system?
- reflexes
- voluntary
- rythmic
somatic nervous system:
type of movement: reflexes
what are the 2 types of reflexes?
- spinal
- postural - for balance, posture
somatic nervous system:
type of movement: reflexes
spinal
- least complex
- require sensory input from e.g. proprioceptors (e.g. muscle spindles)
somatic nervous system:
type of movement: reflexes
postural - for balance, posture
require sensory input from e.g. proprioceptors (e.g. muscle spindles), eyes, inner ear

somatic nervous system:
type of movement: voluntary
- most ______
- no _____ ______ required
- most complex
- no external stimuli required (Act of will)
somatic nervous system:
type of movement: rythmic
- walking, running, etc
- combination of reflex and voluntary
levels of motor control
draw diagram

levels of motor control
LEVEL 1
- question
- plans sequence of what?
- signals what?
- works with what?
planning
- do you want to move? If yes, what movement needed? which muscles need to contract?
- plans sequence of muscle contractions
- signals primary motor cortex
- works with input for cerebellum
levels of motor control
LEVEL 1
no hints (4)
- do you want to move? If yes, what movement needed? which muscles need to contract?
- plans sequence of muscle contractions
- signals primary motor cortex
- works with input for cerebellum
levels of motor control
NOTE
level 2 and 3:
descending motor tracts to lower motor neurons
levels of motor control
LEVEL 2
- signals directly to where? via?
- fine, _______ movements
- signals directly to lower motor neurons (via corticospinal tract)
- fine, skilled movements
levels of motor control:
LEVEL 2
no hints (2)
- signals directly to lower motor neurons (via corticospinal tract)
- fine, skilled movements
levels of motor control:
LEVEL 3
- brain stem nuclei ⇒ _______ motor tracts ⇒ lower ____ ______ (=______ tracts)
- receive ____ from where?
- involved in what for maintenance of ______ and ______
- brain stem nuclei ⇒descending motor tracts ⇒ lower motor neurons (=indirect tracts)
- receive input from cortex, basal nuclei, cerebellum
- involved in coordination of large muscle groups for:
- maintenance of posture
- locomotion
levels of motor control:
LEVEL 3
- _______ ⇒ descending _______ ⇒ ____ motor neurons (=_____tracts)
- _____ ______ from cortex, basal nuclei, cerebellum
- ______ ___ coordination of __________ for:
- _______ of posture
- locomotion
- brain stem nuclei ⇒descending motor tracts ⇒ lower motor neurons (=indirect tracts)
- receive input from cortex, basal nuclei, cerebellum
-
involved in coordination of large muscle groups for:
- maintenance of posture
- locomotion
levels of motor control:
LEVEL 3
no hints
3 points
- brain stem nuclei ⇒descending motor tracts ⇒ lower motor neurons (=indirect tracts)
- receive input from cortex, basal nuclei, cerebellum
- involved in coordination of large muscle groups for:
- maintenance of posture
- locomotion
levels of motor neuron:
LEVEL 4
________
- what does it contain?
- ____ _____ of lower motor neurons
- _____of neurons (central _______ generators CPGS) which set _____, _______ _____ (walking, running)
- require ____ ______ to begin or stop _____.
spinal cord
contains
- cell bodies of lower motor neurons
-
networks of neurons (central pattern generators CPGS) which set rythmic, repeated movements (walking, running)
- require cortical signals to begin or stop movement
levels of motor neurons:
LEVEL 4
3 points
spinal cord
contains
- cell bodies of lower motor neurons
- networks of neurons (central pattern generators CPGS) which set rythmic, repeated movements (walking, running)
- require cortical signals to begin or stop movement
levels of motor neurons
- cerebellum
- role in ______ and ______ movement ⇒ sends ____ to cortical areas
- stores ______ ______ and compares ____ _____, using _____ _____ from e.g. proprioceptors - ______ if necessary
- maintains ______, controls _____ ______, has a role in _______ muscle tone
- _______ skilled voluntary _______ _____ and timing of ______ involving more than ____ joint
- role in planning and initiating movement ⇒ sends input to cortical areas
- stores planned movement and compares actual plan, using sensory input from e.g. proprioceptors - corrects if necessary
- maintains balance, controls eye movements, has a role in maintaining muscle tone
- coordinates skilled voluntary muscle movements and timing of contractions involving more than 1 joint
levels of motor neurons:
cerebellum
- ______ planning and initiating _____ ⇒ sends input to _____ ______
- ______ planned movement and ______ actual plan, _____ sensory input from e.g. proprioceptors - corrects if ______
- ______ balance, _____ eye movements, has a role in maintaining ______ _____
- coordinates________ muscle movements and ________ __ contactions ______ more than 1 _____
- role in planning and initiating movement ⇒ sends input to cortical areas
- stores planned movement and compares actual plan, using sensory input from e.g. proprioceptors - corrects if necessary
- maintains balance, controls eye movements, has a role in maintaining muscle tone
- coordinates skilled voluntary muscle movements and timing of contactions involving more than 1 joint
levels of motor neuron:
cerebellum
4 points
- role in planning and initiating movement ⇒ sends input to cortical areas
- stores planned movement and compares actual plan, using sensory input from e.g. proprioceptors - corrects if necessary
- maintains balance, controls eye movements, has a role in maintaining muscle tone
- coordinates skilled voluntary muscle movements and timing of contactions involving more than 1 joint
levels of motor neuron:
- basal nuclei
- aid in what?
- supress what?
- role in maintaining what?
- aid in planning movement
- suppress unwanted motions e.g. at rest
- role in maintaing muscle tone
level of motor neuron:
basal nuclei
3 points
- aid in planning movement
- suppress unwanted motions e.g. at rest
- role in maintaing muscle tone