Topic 6 - Enzymes

Question 1

What is the definition of a catalyst?

Answer 1

A catalyst is a substance which speeds up a chemical reaction but is left unchanged after the reaction.

Question 2

What is the chemical equation for a catalase?

Answer 2

Water + oxygen → Hydrogen Peroxide

Question 3

How Does an Enzyme Work?

Answer 3

Enzymes work on substances called active site.

Question 4

What are the 2 different types of reaction catalyzed by enzymes called? (2)

Answer 4

1. Break down (degradation) reaction
2. Build up (synthesis) reaction

Question 5

What are the 10 different parts of the digestive system? (10)

Answer 5

1. Mouth
2. Oesophagus
3. Stomach
4. Pancreas
5. Liver
6. Gallbladder
7. Small intestine
8. Large intestine
9. Rectum
10. Anus

Question 6

What is ingestion?

Answer 6

Food is taken into the body

Question 7

What is digestion?

Answer 7

food is broken down both mechanically and chemically

Question 8

What is absorption?

Answer 8

digested food products are absorbed into thebloodstream and transported to cells

Question 9

What is assimilation?

Answer 9

digested food products are used by cells in metabolicprocesses

Question 10

What is egestion?

Answer 10

undigested food is removed from the body via the anus

Question 11

What is the function of the mouth?

Answer 11

Digestion of food starts in the mouth. Teeth break down the food and mix it with theenzymesin saliva.

Question 12

What is the function of the esophagus?

Answer 12

This is a thin tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.

Question 13

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 13

This releases a chemical called bile into the intestines. Bile breaks downlipidsin the food.

Question 14

What is the function of the stomach?

Answer 14

This is a muscular bag which mixes food and drink with acid.

Question 15

What is the function of the pancreas?

Answer 15

This releases enzymes into the intestines which break down carbohydrates, protein and lipids in food.

Question 16

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 16

Here,carbohydrates,proteinsand lipids digest. The nutrients produced are then absorbed into the blood.

Question 17

What is the function of the large intestine?

Answer 17

Food which cannot be broken down - mainlyfibre- passes into the large intestine. Water is absorbed into the blood.

Question 18

What is the function of the rectum?

Answer 18

Any undigested food passes into the rectum where it is stored as faeces.

Question 19

What is the function of the anus?

Answer 19

This is the opening at the very end of the digestive system through which faeces leaves the body.

Question 20

What is an example of carbohydrases?

Answer 20

Amylase

Question 21

What is an example of proteases?

Answer 21

Pepsin and trypsin

Question 22

What are the substrates and products of carbohydrases?

Answer 22

Substrate = starch
Product = glucose

Question 23

What are the substrate and products of proteases?

Answer 23

Substrate = protein
Product = amino acid

Question 24

What are the substrate and products of lipase?

Answer 24

Substrate = lipids
Product = fatty acids and glycerol

Question 25

Where are carbohydrases produced?

Answer 25

Small intestine, salivary glands and the pancreas

Question 26

Where are proteases produced?

Answer 26

Stomach, pancreas and the small intestine

Question 27

Where a lipase produced?

Answer 27

Pancreas and the small intestine

Question 28

Where do the carbohydrases act?

Answer 28

Mouth

Question 29

Where do the proteases act?

Answer 29

Stomach

Question 30

Where do the lipase act?

Answer 30

Small intestine

Question 31

What is the pH for carbohydrases?

Answer 31

Neutral (pH 7)

Question 32

What is the pH for proteases?

Answer 32

Acidic (pH 3-5)

Question 33

What is the pH for lipase?

Answer 33

Alkaline (pH 8)