Topic 6 - 19 - Deviancy in Sport Flashcards
What is a drug?
a substance that can be taken in many ways to affect a person phsyically/psychologically
PED = ?
performance-enhancing drug
What is a performance-enhanhing drug?
a substance used to aid or improve performance
Deviance is what? Give an eg.
(in sport) is behaviour that’s sharply different from the generally accepted standards, taken seriously breaking the rules and accepted norms and goes beyond gamesmanship
Eg: cheating, using PED’s
Name 3 common PEDs.
anabolic steroids, beta blockers, diuretics
Advantages & disadvantages of anabolic steroids? Give a sport that could look to use.
(has same effect as testosterone)
+ train harder, longer
+ increase strength
+ bulk up
+ increase the growth/repair of muscle
- aggression levels
- increased blood pressire
- heart problems
- death
Eg: weightlifting, boxing
Advantages & disadvantages of diuretics? Give a sport that could look to use.
(helps reduce amount of water in body)
+ lose weight
+ reduce body fluid
+ mask other substances
- kidney issues
- dehydration
- headaches, dizziness
Eg: boxing
Advantages & disadvantages of beta blockers? Give a sport that could look to use.
(lowers heart rate)
+ lower heart rate
+ stop hand trembling
- cause nausea, diarrhoea
- insomnia
- depression
Eg: archery, darts, snooker, golf, shooting
What drugs are used to take away pain?
nacrotic analgesics
Nacrotic analgesics do what?
take away pain
Advantages and disadvantages of nacrotic analgesics?
+ relief from painful injuries
+ keep playing when injured
- decreased concentration levels
- balance and coordination issues
- emotional affects
Name a sport that could use nacrotic analgesics?
rugby, american football
Name 2 peptide hormones.
stimulants
HGH
Name, discuss and give a sport example of HGH.
HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE
+ muscle development
+ like steroids, less side effects
+ harder to detect, urine wont find, blood will
- heart disease
- diabetes
- arthiritis
- abnormal growth
Eg: american football
Name, discuss and give a sport example of stimulants.
(nervous activity in body increases)
+ more alert
+ overcome tiredness
- increased heart rate
- high blood pressure
- addiction
- insomnia
What do peptide hormones do?
alter the hormonal balance in the body
Name 2 athletes who have been caught doping.
Lance Armstrong - cycling
Diego Maradona - football
GIve 5 reasons to take PEDs
improve performance
more likely win
fame
money
pressire
lack of knowledge
culture
Give 4 reasons not to take PEDs
cheating
loss of values
health risks
banned from competition
reputational damage
loss of sponsorship
WADA = ?
world anti-doping agency
Describe a drug test procedure.
- officer notifies an athlete they are being tested
- athlete selection
- collect blood/urine sample
- sample sent to WADA for resting
- results sent to Sport Ireland and the NGB are notified who write to athlete
- ‘Whereabouts Rule’
Name some anti-doping rules violations.
- presence of a banned substance in the sample
- refusing/failing to do a test after notification
- committing 3 whereabouts failures in 12 months
- tampering
- possession of banned substances
- covering up
What are some consequences for individuals who are found guilty?
- disqualification of event/awards
- ban
- fail 3 whereabouts tests in a year is 2-year ban
- withdrawal of funding
- publication of results on sport irelands website
TUE = ?
therapeutic use exemptions
What are therapeutic use exemptions?
occurs when an athlete is granted permission to use a banned/prohibited substance to treat a medical condition
Eg of a TUE?
Richie McCaw - ankle injury (2011 WC)
Jack Nowell - asthma
What are dietary supplements?
a product taken by mouth containing 1+ ingredients intended to supplement the diet
