Topic 4: Metals and the Reactivate Series Flashcards
What is a spectator atom?
-Atom or element that does nothing in reaction, is the same as it went in.
What is the shielding effect?
- Electrons closer to molecules are more strongly attracted then those further away.
- Inner electrons shield outer electrons from forces of attraction from the nucleus.
When a halogen is reduced?
-It gains an electron and forms a Halide.
What will happen when a more reactive halogen is added to a metal halide?
-The reactive halogen will displace the less reactive halogen to form a new metal halide.
Ions in a reaction that are neither oxidized nor reduced are called?
-Spectator IONS.
As with the halogens, a more reactive metal will?
-Displace a less reactive metal.
What is the equation for the Thermite reaction?
-Fe2O3+2Al=Al2O3+2Fe.
Fe2O3+2Al=Al2O3+2Fe. In this reaction what is oxidized and what is reduced and what is the spectator ion?
- Oxide= spectator ion.
- Aluminium is oxidized.
- Iron is reduced.
Define Ore?
-A natural deposit containing a mineral of an element to be extracted, that is financially viable. (you make money out of it)
What are metals in Native form?
-These are metals in the ground that are not reacted with rocks around them. they are normally very nonreactive.
Examples of metals found in native form?
-Gold, Silver, Copper.
Examples of metals found as minerals?
-Potassium, sodium, lithium.
Why is Sodium able to displace Cu from copper chloride?
-This is because a more reactive metal can be displace a less reactive metal from its compounds.
What is the blast furnace used for?
-Used to extract iron from iron ore.
Iron ore is called?
-Haematite Fe2O3.
What three raw materials are used?
-Haematite, limestone, coke (carbon).
What is Coke?
-Coke is a form of Carbon that is burned to produce heat.
The CO2 will react with more coke..?
-To form carbon monoxide CO.
What is carbon monoxide?
-A reducing agent.
What do reducing agents do?
-They reduce other substances as the reducing agent is oxidized.
What is the equation for CO2+C
-CO2+C=2CO
What do you do when the blast furnace has got up to temperature?
-Haematite Fe2O3 is added. This will reduce the carbon monoxide.
Equation for when Haemitie is added to blast furnace?
-Fe2O3 + 3CO = 2Fe + 3CO2
What is limestone and what is is used for?
-As a rock silicone dioxide acid limestone calcium carbonate is added to neutralize it. Firstly the calcium carbonate thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide
How is Slag formed?
-Calcium oxide neutralizes the silicone dioxide to form calcium silicate (slag)
What is the purpose of carbon in a blast furnace?
-Carbon reacts with the oxygen to form CO2 and heat, then reacts with more coke to form CO, which is then a reducing agent.
Why is limestone added?
-Is added to neutralize it. firstly the calcium carbonate thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide.
What is electrolysis?
-When they are melted or in solution ionic compounds can be separated by passing an electric current through the liquid.
What is metal attracted to in electrolysis?
-Metals have a positive charge, so are attracted to the negative cathode. Metal ions are Cations.
What is non-metals attracted to in electrolysis?
-Non-metals have a negative charge, so are attracted to the positive anode. Non-metal ions are an-ions.
Which metals in the reactivity series do we usually extract from their ores by electrolysis?
-These are all the metals that we can not extract using carbon. By being displaced, such as aluminium.
What is aluminium ore called?
-Bauxite.
What is the melting point of Bauxite?
-2050oC.