Topic 2: Groups 1&7 Flashcards
What happens to the reactivity in group 1?
-The reactivity increases going down the group.
Observations of group 1 metals?
- Easier to cut going down the group.
- Turns universal indicator blue.
- The float so less dense then water.
- When cut they are shiny inside.
- All react with air.
- The sample of metal gets smaller.
Which gas you group 1 metal create when they react with water?
-Hydrogen.
Observations of sodium?
- Sodium more reactive then lithium.
- Turned into a ball-melted.
- Softer then lithium.
Observations of potassium?
- Lilac flame.
- Turned into a ball.
- Softest metal.
- More reactive then sodium.
What is the shielding effect?
-Electrons closer to the nucleus are more strongly attracted then those further away.
In group 1 why are the elements more reactive as you go down the group?
-In group 1 bigger atoms (more electrons) are more reactive.
What is a anion?
-A negatively charged ion (usual non-metal) one that gained electrons.
What is a cation?
-A positively charged ion (usually metal) one that has lost electrons.
Define Dissociation?
-The ability for ions to separate from each other, usually in solution.
Define Poler molecules?
-Molecules that have very strong inter-molecular forces of attraction, e.g. In water (if water is not poler).
Sulphuric acid?
-H2So4(l).
Sodium sulphate?
-Na2So4(aq)(aqueous in solution).
Sodium chloride?
-NaCl(s).
Hydrogen chloride?
-HCl(g).
What color do group 1 metals turn universal indicator paper, when mixed with water?
-Blue because it is forming a hydroxide OH-.
What is the shielding effect?
- Electrons closer to the nucleus are more strongly attracted then those further away.
- Inner electrons “shield” outer electrons from forces of attraction and from nucleus.
- In group 1 bigger atoms (more electrons) are more reactive.
What will happen when hydrogen chloride is dissolved in water?
- It will tern universal indicator paper red, however will not change it if it is dissolved in methyl benzene. use the idea of dissociation to explain this.
- Dissociation= the ability for ions to separate from each other, usually in solution.
Define Dissociation?
-The ability for ions to separate from each other, usually in solution.
Loss of electrons is called?
-Oxidation.
Gain in electrons is called?
-Reduction.
- What is oxidizing and what is reducing in this equation =
- 4Fe+3(O2)=2(Fe2)(O2)
- Fe=oxidation.
- O=reduction.