Topic 12: Acids, Bases and Salts Flashcards
The strongest acid has a pH of
0
The strongest alkali has a pH of
14
Universal Indicator?
Used to show pH level red - orange - yellow - green - blue - purple.
Litmus Paper?
Used to test is a substance is acid or alkaline, RED - ACIDIC. PURPLE - NEUTRAL. BLUE - ALKALINE.
Phenolphthalein?
Will change from colourless in acidic solutions to bright pink in alkaline solutions.
Methyl orange?
Changes from red in acidic solutions to yellow in alkaline solutions.
An Acid is a source of?
Hydrogen ions, H+ ions will a pH of less then 7.
A Base is a substance that can?
Neutralise acid.
Alkalis are?
soluble bases.
An Alkali is a source of?
Hydroxide ions (OH-) and has a pH greater then 7.
The reaction between a acid and a base is called a?
Neutralization reaction.
acid + base
= salt + water (Products are neutral)
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) =
H2O(l)
Acid + Metal Oxide =
salt + water
Hydrochloric acid + copper oxide =
copper chloride + water
2HCl + CuO =
CuCl2 + H2O
Acid + Metal Carbonate =
Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
Hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate =
sodium chloride + water + carbon dioxide
2HCl + Na2CO3 =
2NaCl + H2O + CO2
What is the composition of air?
78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
1% other gasses
0.04% CO2
metal hydroxide + acid =
metal hydroxide + acid → a salt + water
Magnesium carbonate can be made as a precipitate by reacting together solutions of two soluble salts.
Any two metal salts, example,
magnesium sulphate.
magnesium nitrate.
Obtaining a pure dry sample of a metal carbonate.
- Filter
- Wash solid with water
- dry by warming gently.
