Topic 4-Fresh & Saltwater Systems

Question 1

What are the three major uses of water?

Answer 1

Agriculture
Industry
Domestic

Question 2

What percentage of water is used by agriculture?

Answer 2

73%

Question 3

What percentage of water is used for Industry?

Answer 3

22%

Question 4

What percentage of water is used for domestic needs?

Answer 4

5%

Question 5

What are the seven major human activities that cause water pollution?

Answer 5

Power Stations
Factories 
Runoff from Farmlands
Runoff from Cities
Habitat Destruction 
Sewage
Oil Spills

Question 6

Explain how factories can affect water quality

Answer 6

Factories might add dangerous chemicals to the water or practice thermal pollution, killing aquatic plants or animals.

Question 7

Explain how power stations can affect water quality

Answer 7

Power stations sometimes discharge warm water into lakes or rivers that can kill some animals and encourage excessive plants growth.

Question 8

Explain how runoff from farms can affect water quality.

Answer 8

Runoff from farmlands contains fertilizers that can cause excessive plants growth. It may also contain pesticides that can kill animals or plants.

Question 9

Explain how runoff from cities can affect water quality

Answer 9

Runoff from city streets contains large amounts of oil and other chemicals. These substances affect plants and animals.

Question 10

Explain how habitat destruction can affect water quality.

Answer 10

Habitat destruction takes away the places that animals can live and plants can grow.

Question 11

Explain how sewage can affect water quality

Answer 11

Sewage contains large amounts of nitrogen which causes a number of micro organisms to increase. If micro organisms use up all the oxygen fish will suffocate.

Question 12

Explain how oil spills affect water quality

Answer 12

Oil spills from ships can harm animals in, on and near the water.

Question 13

What does monitor mean?

Answer 13

It’s means to observe, check or keep track of something for a specific purpose

Question 14

What is ongoing monitoring?

Answer 14

Ongoing monitoring of a site helps scientists observe change. A change in the number of species in a lake indicates that the environment has changed.

Question 15

What are some advantages of dams?

Answer 15

Recreation 
Hydro-Electricity 
Flood Protection 
Irrigation
Employment
Shipping

Question 16

What are some disadvantages of dams?

Answer 16

Water Flow
Salinity
Habitat 
Migration
Sedimentation