Topic 3-Fresh & Saltwater Systems

Question 1

Explain how fish adapt to temperature.

Answer 1

Tropical fish can’t live in cold water, and Arctic fish can’t live in warm water. Cold water fish have a natural anti-freeze that keeps them from freezing.

Question 2

Explain how fish adapt to light.

Answer 2

Most organisms need light, although some organisms in the deepest parts of lakes and the ocean can survive without light. They have self producing light.

Question 3

Explain how fish apart to pressure.

Answer 3

The weight of the water above fish in deeper parts is many times greater than at sea level. These animal cannot survive when brought into shallower water because their bodies can’t function under low pressure.

Question 4

Explain how fish adapt to salinity.

Answer 4

Many fish/organisms can’t live in salt water and many can’t survive in fresh water. Most fresh water fish can’t survive in salt water because the salt in the water draws fluid out of their organs.

Question 5

Explain how fish adapt to water movement.

Answer 5

Some animals and plants live in areas where water moves strongly. Like barnacles have to cling to the side of the river to keep from washing away

Question 6

What are five adaptions that help fish live in water?

Answer 6

Gills to help them breathe
Fins to move
Water Bladder
Scales for protection, camouflage, oils
Barnacles

Question 7

What are five things fish have to adapt to?

Answer 7

Water Movement 
Salinity
Temperate
Light
Pressure

Question 7

What are the three changes in population?

Answer 7

Seasonal Changes
Short-Term Changes
Long-Term Changes

Question 8

Describe Seasonal Changes in population

Answer 8

In Canada, since we have extremes of temperature between summer and winter, populations swell during warm summer months and then disappear during the winter.

Question 9

Describe short term changes in population

Answer 9

These changes in population take place over relatively short periods and don’t last long. A short term change might be a cause of a natural event or human activities

Question 10

Describe long term changes in population

Answer 10

These changes can be caused by natural or human activity. A natural landslide might change the course of a stream. All plant die off because water no longer flows.

Question 11

What are the different zones of a lake?

Answer 11

Upper Zone
Middle Zone
Lowest Zone

Question 12

Describe the Upper Zone of a lake

Answer 12

From the shore down to where aquatic plants stop growing is the upper Zone. Planets here might include bulrushes and water lilies. There might be small fish, insects, leeches and frogs.

Question 13

Describe the middle Zone of a lake.

Answer 13

The middle Zone is the open water area that still has light penetration. Some fish from this Zone move between the middle Zone and the deeper part of the lake

Question 14

Describe the lowest Zone of a lake.

Answer 14

The lowest Zone is the deepest water of the lake. No light penetrates this Zone so no plants grow here

Question 15

What are the zones of the ocean?

Answer 15

Intertidal Zone
Estuary
Continental Shelf
Oceanic Zone

Question 16

Describe the Intertidal zone of the ocean.

Answer 16

Different ecosystems form in intertidal zones depending on wether the shore is rocky, sandy or muddy
Animals and species have developed special adaptions to live in this zone

Question 17

Describe the estuary of the ocean.

Answer 17

Marshes often grow in or around estuaries
Many different kinds of plants animals and insects live here
Estuaries are rich in bird life because of all the food and shelter available

Question 18

Describe the Continental Shelf of the ocean

Answer 18

This is a Shelf of land the extends out from the edge of a continent below the earths surface.
The water here is warmer than in open ocean, and light penetrates almost all the way to the bottom
This is a very rich area for plants and animal

Question 19

Describe the oceanic Zone of the ocean

Answer 19

This Zone is beyond the continental shelf and is the deepest part of the ocean. Much of this water receives no light at all and contains little oxygen. Many different animals live in the oceanic Zone