Topic 1 & 2-Cells & Systems Flashcards
What are the six characteristics of living things?
Are made of cells Need energy Grow and develop Respond to the environment Reproduce Have adaptions for their environment
Organisms
All living things
Capillaries
A network of thin, hair-like vessels connecting arteries and veins in lung tissues.
Tissue
A group of specialized cells.
Cell wall
Outer covering of a cell that provides strength and support.
Cell Membrane
Thin structure the encloses all the contents of plant and animal cells.
Nucleus
Organelle that directs all activities in the cell. Holds DNA and decides which proteins are going to be made. The “brain” of the cell
Chloroplast
Organelle that converts sunlight into food. Only in plant cells.
Golgi Apparatus
Packs fats and proteins and sends it to where it is needed.
Ribosomes
Make proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Prepares proteins for transport.
Vacuole
Organelle that stores water and other substances required for the cell.
Mitochondria
The powerhouses of the cell where the chemical reactions occur that convert the energy the cell receives into a form it can use.
Multicellular organisms
Made up of two or more cells
Unicellular Organisms
Made up of one cell
Examples of unicellular organisms
Mycoplasma
Amoeba
How does an amoeba feed?
Pseudopods engulf food
Creates a vacuole - food is digested
Absorbed into the cytoplasm
How does a paramecium feed?
Oral Groove uses cilia to sweep in food
Creates food vacuoles - food is digested and absorbed into the cytoplasm
Diffusion
The movement of particles of a substance from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Selectively Permeable Membrane
Allows some substances to pass through it, but not others
Osmosis
The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
