Topic 3-Mix & Flow Flashcards
Pressure
The amount of force applied to a given area.
What unit it pressure measured in?
Pascals (Pa)
What is the formula used to calculate pressure?
Pressure = Force
——
Area
When calculating pressure, what unit is force measured in?
Newtons
When calculating pressure, what unit is area measured in?
Meyers squared
Pascal’s Law
Enclosed fluid transfers pressure equally in all directions.
Hydraulic System
A system that uses compressed liquids
Pneumatic Devices
A system that uses compressed air.
Compressibility
How much a given volume of matter decreases when placed under pressure.
What states of matter are incompressible?
Solid and Liquid
What state of matter is compressible?
Gas
What happens when the space between particles increases?
It becomes more compressible.
What happens when there are less space between particles?
It becomes less compressible.
Buoyancy
The force that pushes back against an object to make it float.
Positive Buoyancy
When an object floats quite close to the surface of the water.
Neutral Buoyancy
When an object floats in the middle of the water, between the surface and bottom.
Negative Buoyancy
When an object floats on the bottom of the water.
Buoyant Force
The upward force exerted by any fluid upon a object placed on it.
What is a Plimsol Line
A reference mark located on a ship’s hull that indicates the maximum depth to which the vessel may be safely immersed when loaded with cargo.
Density
How close together the particles are. Mass per unit volume of a substance.
Describe density using the particle model of matter.
Solids - tight particles - more dense
Liquids - looser particles - less dense
Gases - very loose particles - least dense
What happens when you increase the temperature of matter?
A substance will change from solid, to liquid, to gas
Particles of a substance spread out
Particles will take up more space.
What is the formula used to measure density.
Density = mass divided by volume.
What units are used to measure the density of a solid?
grams per centimetre squared.
What units are used to measure the density of a liquid?
Grams per litre or grams per millilitre
Viscosity
How thick or thin the substance is.
What happens when the thickness of a substance goes up?
It becomes more viscous
What happens to the thickness of a substance goes down?
It becomes less viscous
How do you measure viscosity?
You test the substances Flow rate.
What happens to a liquids viscosity level when you increase the temperature?
It decreases
What happens to the viscosity of a gas when the temperature goes up?
It increases
Incompressible
Cannot be compressed easily
