Topic 3 - Gas Exchange in Insects [12] Flashcards
When Insects RESPIRE AEROBICALLY, What is Used Up? What is Produced?
OXYGEN USED UP
CO2 PRODUCED
Insect Adaptations for Efficient Diffusion
MAINTAIN CONCENTRATION GRADIENT HOW?
RESPIRING CELLS WILL BE USING OXYGEN AND PRODUCING CO2 IN THE PROCESS
THIS HOW INSECTS MAINTAIN THAT STEEEP AFF CONCENTRATION GRADIENT.
Insect Adaptations for Efficient Diffusion
Short Diffusion Pathway HOW
Tracheoles Walls Are THIN AF
and short distance from spiracles to tracheoles
Insect Adaptations for Efficient Diffusion
Large Surface Area how
Loads of tracheoles giving a large surface area
How Insects Use their ability to produce lactate ?? for Gas Exchange.
When insect is in flight mode, muscles respire anaerobically to produce Lactate.
Lactate lowers water potential of cells, so water moves from tracheoles (normal wp) into (low wp) cells by osmosis. This decreases the volume in the tracheoles and as a result more air from atmosphere drawn in.
How Insects use Mass Transport for Gas Exchange.
Insect contracts and relaxes abdominal muscles to move gases. “Mass Transport”.
How Insects use DIffusion for Gas Exchange.
When cells respire in insect body they use oxygen and produce CO2, creating a concentration gradient from the tracheoles to the atmosphere. Utilise Diffusion to exchange.
Describe Tracheoles
Found deeper into the abdomen, Trachea branch into smaller Tracheoles. They extend throughout all the tissues in the insect to deliver oxygen to all cells that do respiration.
Describe Trachea
Network of internal tubes
the tubes have rings on them to strengthen tubes and keep them open
Branches into smaller tubes called tracheoles
Describe Spiracles
Round, valve like openings, found on the abdomen. Oxygen and CO2 enter and leave via spiracles.
Trachea attach to these openings.
3 Insect Adaptations to limit WATER LOSS
Small SA : V Ratio where water can evaporate from
Waterproof exoskeleton
Spiracles (gases enter and water evaporate from this) can open and close to reduce water loss.
