Topic 2- The Respiratory System

Question 0

When inhaling what happens to the pressure in the lungs?

Answer 0

It increases

Question 1

When does the air pressure in the lungs change?

Answer 1

According to whether the body is inhaling or exhaling

Question 2

What happens to the pressure in the lungs when exhaling?

Answer 2

It decreases

Question 3

What is the function of the diaphragm?

Answer 3

To change the pressure in the lungs

Question 4

What happens to oxygen when breathed in?

Answer 4

The oxygen diffuses through the alveoli into the blood stream

Question 5

What happens to carbon dioxide in the blood stream?

Answer 5

It diffuses from the blood stream into the alveoli and breathed out

Question 6

What type of organ is the lungs?

Answer 6

Organs of gas exchange

Question 7

What is the main structures of the lungs?(3)

Answer 7

The trachea
Bronchus
Bronchioles

Question 8

What are the lungs composed of?

Answer 8

Alveoli which are surrounded by a dense network if capillaries

Question 9

What does the trachea have around it?

Answer 9

Cartilage

Question 10

What is the purpose of the cartilage?

Answer 10

To give structure and support, it keeps the trachea open and allows it to remain flexible

Question 11

What are cilia?

Answer 11

Hairs lining the trachea which move mucus to the larynx

Question 12

What is mucus?

Answer 12

A hick sticky liquid

Question 13

Where is mucus produced?

Answer 13

In the mucus secreting cells lining the trachea and bronchi

Question 14

Why do we need mucus?

Answer 14

Small particles that are breathed in gets stuck an trapped in the mucus
It also helps keep the surface of the lungs moist

Question 15

Give 3 examples of small particles that can get trapped in the mucus

Answer 15

Dust
Pollen
Bacteria

Question 16

How do the cilia move?

Answer 16

They move in a wave like motion and cause the mucus to move from the lungs to the top of the trachea

Question 17

How does air enter the body?

Answer 17

Through the nose and mouth

Question 18

Where does the air go once it enters through the mouth or nose?

Answer 18

It travels down the trachea into the lungs where gas exchange occurs

Question 19

How does the lungs have a large surface area?

Answer 19

The thousands of alveoli and capillaries

Question 20

How is the alveoli efficient at gas exchange?

Answer 20

The membrane walls are very thin therefore gas diffuses quickly

Question 21

How are capillaries efficient at gas exchange?

Answer 21

Their walls are one cell thick so gases can diffuse quickly

Question 22

How is oxygen able to dissolve for going into the blood stream?

Answer 22

The surface of the alveoli are moist to allow the oxygen to diffuse easily

Question 23

How does a dense network of capillaries make gas exchange efficient?

Answer 23

They are very close to the alveoli which ensures a short distance that gases have to travel and so more rapid diffusion