Topic 1- Producing New Cells Flashcards
What form is the nucleus’ information in the form as?
Chromosomes
Why do cells divide in multicellular organisms?
In multicellular organisms cells divide to grow and repair damage tissues.
What are genes?
Chromosomes have sections of information along it called genes that have information for certain functions
How many chromosomes does each human cell have?
46
How are chromosomes arranged?
Chromosomes are arranged in pairs
Why are chromosomes arranged in pairs?
So that each cell has two sets of the information
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23 pairs
What are the pairs of chromosomes called?
Diploid
What is mitosis?
The process by which the chromosomes in the nucleus copy and divide into two nuclei ready for cell division
Why does each cell have a full set of chromosomes?
It is essential that each cell has a complete set of chromosomes to be able to carry out all if the cell functions
What is the first stage of mitosis?
The genetic material in the nucleus of the parent cell is long and thread like. The chromosomes are not visible.
What is the second stage if mitosis?
The DNA replicates and condenses. Chromosomes are now visible and each is seen to be made of 2 chromatids.
What is the third stage of mitosis?
The nuclear membrane disappears, the chromosomes attach to spindle fibres at the centromere and line up at the equator.
What is the fourth stage of mitosis?
The chi motifs are pulled apart. The nuclear membrane reforms around each group of chromosomes and the cell divides into two.
What is the result of mitosis?
2 identical daughter cells are formed
