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Biology > Topic 1- Enzymes > Flashcards

Topic 1- Enzymes Flashcards

0
Q

What are enzymes?

A

Biological catalysts which are found inside cells.

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1
Q

What is a catalyst?

A

A chemical which speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction but does not get used up.

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2
Q

What happens to enzymes during biochemical reactions?

A

Enzymes are unchanged during biochemical reactions

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3
Q

What are enzymes made of?

A

Proteins

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4
Q

What is a substrate?

A

The substance which an enzyme works on

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5
Q

What is a product?

A

The substance(s) which are produced by the reaction

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6
Q

What is the word equation for an enzyme?

A

Enzyme

Substrate➡️product

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7
Q

What is a degregation reaction?

A

Changing larger molecules into smaller molecules

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8
Q

What is an example of a degregation reaction?

A

Amylase
Starch ➡️ Maltose
Substrate Enzyme Product

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9
Q

What is a synthesis reaction?

A

Changing small molecules into larger ones

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10
Q

Give an example of a synthesis reaction

A

Phosphorylase
Glucose ➡️ Starch
Substrate Enzyme product

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11
Q

What is an active site?

A

The part of the enzyme that the substrate fit into.

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12
Q

How many substrates can fit into one enzyme?

A

Only one

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13
Q

Why can only one substrate act on one enzyme?

A

Different enzymes have differently shaped active sites so only the correct substrate will fit the correct enzymes active site.

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14
Q

What does specific mean?

A

It is the term used to describe the fact that one enzyme can work on only one substrate.

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15
Q

What happens to an enzyme at high temperatures?

A

The enzymes can be destroyed or become denatured.

16
Q

What happens to an enzyme in low temperatures?

A

The enzyme stops working

17
Q

What happens to an enzyme at a pH value other than its optimum?

A

The enzyme doesn’t work as well or doesn’t work at all

18
Q

What is the effect of denaturing an enzyme?

A

When the active site is denatured it changes shape and can no longer bind with its substrate.

19
Q

What does optimum temperature mean?

A

The optimum temperature is the temperature an enzyme works best/quickest at.

20
Q

What is the optimum pH?

A

The pH an enzyme works best/quickest at

Biology (14 decks)

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