Topic 1- Enzymes

Question 0

What are enzymes?

Answer 0

Biological catalysts which are found inside cells.

Question 1

What is a catalyst?

Answer 1

A chemical which speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction but does not get used up.

Question 2

What happens to enzymes during biochemical reactions?

Answer 2

Enzymes are unchanged during biochemical reactions

Question 3

What are enzymes made of?

Answer 3

Proteins

Question 4

What is a substrate?

Answer 4

The substance which an enzyme works on

Question 5

What is a product?

Answer 5

The substance(s) which are produced by the reaction

Question 6

What is the word equation for an enzyme?

Answer 6

Enzyme

Substrate➡️product

Question 7

What is a degregation reaction?

Answer 7

Changing larger molecules into smaller molecules

Question 8

What is an example of a degregation reaction?

Answer 8

Amylase
Starch ➡️ Maltose
Substrate Enzyme Product

Question 9

What is a synthesis reaction?

Answer 9

Changing small molecules into larger ones

Question 10

Give an example of a synthesis reaction

Answer 10

Phosphorylase
Glucose ➡️ Starch
Substrate Enzyme product

Question 11

What is an active site?

Answer 11

The part of the enzyme that the substrate fit into.

Question 12

How many substrates can fit into one enzyme?

Answer 12

Only one

Question 13

Why can only one substrate act on one enzyme?

Answer 13

Different enzymes have differently shaped active sites so only the correct substrate will fit the correct enzymes active site.

Question 14

What does specific mean?

Answer 14

It is the term used to describe the fact that one enzyme can work on only one substrate.

Question 15

What happens to an enzyme at high temperatures?

Answer 15

The enzymes can be destroyed or become denatured.

Question 16

What happens to an enzyme in low temperatures?

Answer 16

The enzyme stops working

Question 17

What happens to an enzyme at a pH value other than its optimum?

Answer 17

The enzyme doesn’t work as well or doesn’t work at all

Question 18

What is the effect of denaturing an enzyme?

Answer 18

When the active site is denatured it changes shape and can no longer bind with its substrate.

Question 19

What does optimum temperature mean?

Answer 19

The optimum temperature is the temperature an enzyme works best/quickest at.

Question 20

What is the optimum pH?

Answer 20

The pH an enzyme works best/quickest at