Topic 2 Part 1 - The diversity of life Flashcards
What is a kingdom?
A kingdom is a group of species which have certain characteristics in common.
N^0 = What?
1
N^-a = What
1/N^a
N^a = What
1/N^-a
N^a * N^b = What
N^a+b
N^a / N^b = What
N^a-b
(N^m)^n = What
N^m*n
When multiplying and dividing by numbers with Significant figures and they are to different precisions what one should you use in your answer?
The one with the lease precise number. E.g. if one is 2 sf and the other is 3 sf then your answer should be 2 sf.
If your answer is 300, how would you show this in scientific notation with 2 significant figures?
It would be 3.0 x 10^2
What is a species?
A form of life (or a type of organism)
What is an organism?
is an individual living thing
What is morphology
is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features. It is mainly based on there appearance
Where did life begin
In the sea, about 3,000 million years ago
What event took place that led to the development of the earliest living cells around 3000 million years ago?
Complex chemicals started to clump together to form cells
How did the earliest cells reproduce?
They split, i.e. they divided themselves into two.
Do any living things still reproduce in a similar way today?
Bacteria reproduce by dividing in two.
What common feature did the first ‘multicelled’ organisms develop?
The first multicelled organisms had a body with an internal cavity.
The multicelled organisms living in the sea started to ‘diversify’ – this means producing different types of life form. What types of life form were described?
Some organisms developed a mouth that opened into a gut, others developed a stiff internal rod and sense organs, and some became segmented.
What type of organism was among the first to live on land?
Insects.
Over 350 million years ago amphibians first ventured onto land. How did they evolve to be able to do this?
Amphibians evolved from fish that had developed a backbone and weight-supporting legs from their fins and which were able to breathe air from the water’s surface.
How do reptiles differ from amphibians?
Reptiles evolved to have dry scaly skins and the ability to lay eggs with watertight shells on land. In contrast, their amphibian ancestors had wet skins and needed to return to water to lay eggs.
What is Taxonomy
Taxonomy is the ranking or organisation of living things
What is taxa, (taxon: singular)
It is what all living things are classified into, these are ranks in the taxonomy
What is the top taxon?
Domain
Who introduced the three domain system?
Carl Woese
In the three-domain system what are the three domains?
Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya
What are the two types of cells?
prokaryotic and eukaryotic
What type of cell is Bacteria domain composed of?
Prokaryotic
