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S111 > Topic 1 Part 2 - Phases of water > Flashcards

Topic 1 Part 2 - Phases of water Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of water in its solid phase

A

Ice

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2
Q

What is the name of water in its liquid phase

A

Water

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3
Q

What is the name of water in its gas phase

A

Water Vapour

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4
Q

What are solid, liquid and gas called?

A

Different States of Mass

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5
Q

Is solids shape fixed or not fixed?

A

Fixed

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6
Q

Is Solids volume fixed or not fixed?

A

Fixed

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7
Q

Is Liquids shape fixed or not fixed?

A

Not Fixed

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8
Q

Is liquids volume fixed or not fixed?

A

Fixed

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9
Q

Is gases shape fixed or not fixed?

A

Not fixed

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10
Q

Is gases volume fixed or not fixed?

A

Not fixed

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11
Q

What is a phase transition?

A

The phase transition is a physical change between solid, gas and liquid phases.

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12
Q

What is steam?

A

Steam is the invisible gaseous form of water at or above the boiling temperature of water.

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13
Q

What is Water Vapour

A

Water vapour is the invisible gaseous form of water at air temperature

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14
Q

What is the difference between steam and water vapour?

A

Steam is above the boiling point of water, and the water vapour is at air temperature

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15
Q

What does evaporation mean?

A

‘Evaporation’ is the term used that refers to the changes from a liquid to a gas

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16
Q

What is evaporation also known as?

A

Vapourisation

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17
Q

What is condensation?

A

Condensation is conversion of a gas into a liquid

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18
Q

What holds more water vapour, cold air or warm air?

A

Warm air

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19
Q

What are the differences between evaporation and condensation?

A

Evaporation and condensation are processes where a liquid changes to a gas, and a gas changes to a liquid, respectively.

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20
Q

What is the name of water changing to Water vapour?

A

Evaporation

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21
Q

What is the name of water vapour changing to water?

A

Condesation

22
Q

What is the name of water vapour changing to ice?

A

Deposition

23
Q

What is the name of ice changing to water vapour?

A

Sublimation

24
Q

What is the name of ice changing to liquid water?

A

Melting

25
Q

What is the name of liquid water changing to ice?

A

Freezing

26
Q

Why does water take up more space as ice than was water?

A

In ice the molecules of water are packed together in an ordered open structure. This degree of order is not maintained in a liquid. As ice melts, some of the hydrogen bonds between the water molecules are disrupted. In liquid water, the hydrogen bonds are constantly breaking and reforming between different molecules. This means that water molecules in liquid water can come closer together than water molecules in the ice structure.

27
Q

How many grams in 1 kilogram?

A

1000

28
Q

How many milligrams in a gram?

A

1000

29
Q

What is the SI Unit of mass?

A

Kilograms

30
Q

In scientific terms what does the term mass mean?

A

the amount of matter or substance that makes up an object

31
Q

Where would your weight be less: on the Moon or on Earth?

A

Your weight would decrease if you went to the Moon where gravity is weaker than it is on Earth. The Moon is much lighter than the Earth and the downward pull on your body would be less on the Moon.

32
Q

Does your mass change depending on where you are in the universe?

A

No, your mass stays the same.

33
Q

What is the preferred OU notation for column headings?

A

‘Column heading/unit’, for example ‘Mass/g’

34
Q

What is a variable?

A

A variable is any factor that has or can take on different values or characteristics

35
Q

What are the three types of variables experiments usually have?

A

Independent, dependent and controlled

36
Q

What is the independent variable?

A

The variable whose values are selected for the investigation.

37
Q

What is the dependent variable?

A

The variable we use to measure the independent variable

38
Q

Which were the dependent variables in our freezing water experiment?

A

The dependent variables in our freezing water experiment were the mass and height. That is, we took measurements to see how the mass and height might change for both of the phases of the water we were investigating.

39
Q

What is the controlled variable?

A

The controlled variable is the measurement or the characteristics scientists want to keep consistent throughout the experiment or investigation.

40
Q

What are the two major variables that determine the phases of water?

A

Temperature and pressure

41
Q

What is the normal boiling temperature of water?

A

100 degrees C

42
Q

What is the normal freezing temperature of water?

A

0 Degrees C

43
Q

What causes atmospheric pressure?

A

Atmospheric pressure is due to the weight of the air

44
Q

What is the SI unit of pressure?

A

Pascals or (Pa)

45
Q

What is the pressure at sea level is also known as?

A

Normal atmospheric pressure and is commonly referred to as 1 atmosphere (1 atm)

46
Q

1 atmosphere is how many pa

A

101,325 Pa

47
Q

Does pressure increase or decrease when altitude and height increases?

A

Pressure decreases as height or altitude increases

48
Q

What do you think causes your ears to pop when climbing a tall mountain or during a flight?

A

When the air pressure outside changes, the air pressure inside your ears has to adjust to equalise the pressure either side of your eardrums.

49
Q

Where would you need less heat to boil water: at the bottom or at the top of a mountain?

A

You would need less heat to boil water at the top of a mountain

50
Q

How would you move from ice to the liquid water phase while keeping the pressure constant?

A

By increasing the temperature, you will cross the phase boundary and the solid water will become liquid water.

51
Q

What do you think happens at the triple point?

A

The triple point is the temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, solid and liquid) of water coexist.

S111 (16 decks)

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