Topic 11 Flashcards
Bonding in ammonia
Covalent bonding
Properties of ammonia
Clear and colourless
Alkaline
Pungent smell
Less dense than air
What 2 things about ammonia does the fountain experiment show
Soluable in water
It is alkaline - blue
Equation ammonia reacting with water
NH3 + H2O (reversible) NH4 + OH
What would happen when ammonia gas was bubbled through solution of hydrochloride acid
What type of reaction is this ?
The salt ammonium chloride would be formed
Neutralisation reaction
Word equation for ammonia reacting with acid
Ammonia + water ——> salt + water
Industrial process for ammonia
Harbour process
Raw materials for havour process
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Where are the raw materials found for the harbour process
Nitrogen - from air
Hydrogen - natural gases/ methane
Name of catalyst in harbour process
Iron catalyst
Condition in harbour process
200 atmospheres
450 degreeed
Why are too low temperature not used in harbour process
Production rate is too slow
What are too high temperatures not used in harbour process
The reaction will reverse
Why are very high pressures not used
Too costly and hazourdous
What do we need fertilisers
To increase food yeild
Properties of good fertilisers
Must be soluable in water
Contains one or more of the essential elements
Harmless to animals
Essential elements in fertilisers
Phosphorus
Potassium
Nitrogen
Compounds found in synthetic fertilisers
Inorganic compounds e.g
Ammonium nitrate
Ammonium phosphate
Elements in Ostwald process
Ammonia
Water
Acid
What catalyst used in the ostwald process
Platinum catalyst
Process used to make nitric acid
Ostwald process
Temp of Ostwald proces
800 degrees Celsius
Production of Ostwald proces
Nitrogen monoxide + oxegen = nitrogen dioxide
Then dissolved in water
