Topic 10: Introduction to Cell Cycle Flashcards
what is the purpose of cell division in prokaryotes
mother cell to two daughter cells
replication of DNA, cell growth, DNA to other side of cell, binary fission
what is involved in cell division in somatic cells
mitosis - from one cell to identical daughter cells
what is the purpose of cell growth
growth
healing
cell replacement
what is involved in cell division in germline cells
meiosis - from one cell to four non-identical sex cells
how is somatic cell division divided into
- mitosis (Nuclear division) and cytokinesis (cellular division)
- interphase
what are the different parts of the cell cycle
G1 (cell content duplication), S (DNA replication), G2 (double check and repair), M (mitosis), G0 (stationary or quiescence (can go out of growth cycle and back but need growth factors)
how long does the cell cycle take
24 hours
how long does the S phase
6-8hrs
how long does G2 phase
3-4 hrs
how long does M phase
less than 1 hour
why and how does the cell cycle need to be controlled
produces vast number of cells - so very complex
highly conserved in evolution
checkpoint control
by CDK/cyclins (can phosphorylate other proteins when activated
what are the different checkpoint and what do they do
G1 - is environment favourable
G2 - is DNA replicated or repaired
in mitosis - all chromosomes attached to spindle
what can loss of control of cell cycle caused
cancer
