Toddler G&D Flashcards
Brain reaches about 90% by what age?
2
Generally reach half adult height by what age?
2
What is the average weight gain per year?
3-5 lbs
Height increases an average of how much in a year?
3 inches
Alveoli increases in number until what age?
7
Bladder and kidney reach adult function by what age?
16-24 months
Swayback and pot belly appear due to weak muscles until how old?
3
Gross Motor Skills
running, climbing, jumping, pushing or pulling, throwing a ball, riding a tricycle
Fine Motor Skills
Progress from holding and pinching to the ability to manage utensils, hold a crayon, use a computer
Receptive Language Development
ability to understand what is being said or asked
Echolalia
repetition of words and phrases without understanding
Telegraphic Speech
speech that contains only the essential words to get the point across
Sensory Development
- uses all senses to explore world
- vision progresses
- depth perception matures
- hearing at adult level
- sense of smell matures
- taste discrimination not completely developed
Individualization
forming a sense of self and learning to control ones environment lead to emotional lability
Egocentrism
focus on self
Typical Behaviors of Toddler
- may rely on security item
- aware of gender differences
- may display aggressive behavior
- may show fear of loss of parents and of stranger
- not clear body boundaries
Toddlers need how much structured physical activity a day?
30 minutes
Toddlers need how much how much unstructured physical activity a day?
1-3 hours
How much sleep is needed at 18 months?
13.5 hours
How much sleep is needed for 24 months?
13 hours
Typical Toddlers Sleep Schedule
Should sleep through the night and one daytime nap
At what age do most children discontinue daytime napping?
3 years
At what age does a toddler have a full set of primary teeth?
30 months
Promoting Self Feeding
- child sized spoon/fork
- seat in high chair or at comfortable height in a secure chair
- never leave unattended
- minimize distractions
Common Development Concerns for Toddlers
- toilet teaching
- negativism
- temper tantrums
- thumb sucking and pacifiers
- sibling rivalry
- aggression
Signs a Toddler is ready for Toilet Teaching
- regular bowel movement
- express knowledge of need to potty
- diaper is not always wet
- willing to follow instructions
- walks well alone and can pull down pants
- climbs onto potty chair or toilet
Teaching Strategies to Minimize Sibling Rivalry
- keep routine as close to normal as possible
- spend individual time w/ toddler on daily basis
- involve toddler in care of baby
Role of Parent
Talk and sing to child to encourage conversation and promote language development
Read to toddler everyday
