Alteration in Cognition, Behavior, or Dev Flashcards
Factor’s Influencing Children’s Behavior
- biologic or genetics
- nutrition
- physical health
- developmental ability
- environment/family
- temperament
- family’s response to behavior
What are some techniques for evaluation?
- clinical features
- brain imaging
- blood or urine toxicology
- screening tools
Behavior Management Techniques
- set limits and hold responsible for behavior
- do NOT argue, bargain, or negotiate
- consistent caregivers/daily routine
- remain calm
- ignore inappropriate behavior
- praise self control
- use restraints only when necessary
Psychostimulants
Methylphenidate TID
- long acting preparations are given once daily in AM
- decreased appetite; abdominal pain
Antianxiety
Buspirone
- monitor for depression, confusion, agitation
- may cause drowsiness
Antimanic
Lithium
- monitor closely
- polyuria, polydipsia
- tremors, diarrhea
SSRI
fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline
- monitor for BP increases
- insomnia
- GI distress
- irritability
- headache
Atypical Antidepressant
Trazadone
- monitor BP for postural hypotension
- observe for sedation and drowsiness
- avoid alcohol
- administer w/ meals or snacks
A-Agonist
Clonidine
- strongly sedating
- monitor BP and pulse
Tricyclic Antidepressants
Amitriptyline
- monitor ECG for arrhythmias
- monitor for anticholinergic effects
- weight loss
- check blood levels
Antipsychotics
Thioridazine, Chlorpromazine, Haloperidol
- monitor for anticholinergic effects, drowsiness, dystonia, dizziness
- drowsiness
- evaluate for orthostatic HTN, tachycardia
- observe for tardive dyskinesia
Assessments for a Child w/ Cognitive or Mental Health Disorder
- health history
- past medical history
- history of neurologic injury or disease and family history of mental health disorder
- developmental history
What are some behaviors related to mental health disorders?
hallucinations aggression, impulsivity distractibility intolerance to frustration lack of sense of humor inhibition poor attention span potential cognitive or learning disability unusual motor activity
What is the most sensitive early indicator of an intellectual disability?
delayed language development
Dyslexia
difficulty w/ reading, writing, and spelling
Dyscalculia
difficulty w/ math and calculations
Dyspraxia
problems w/ manual dexterity and coordination q
Dysgraphia
difficulty producing the written word
Sensory Processing Disorder
may be mistaken for a learning disability, but it is not and should be treated differently
What is the criteria for being diagnosed w/ an Intellectual Disability?
- deviations in IQ of two or more standard deviations
- coexisting deficits in at least 2 adaptive skills
- disability occurring before the age of 18
Mild Intellectual Disability
IQ 50-70
Moderate Intellectual Disability
IQ 35-50