Adolescent G&D Flashcards
When does puberty begin for girls?
around 9-10 years old
When does puberty begin for boys?
around 10-11 years old
What stimulates physical sexual changes for boys and girls?
estrogen for girls and testosterone for boys
What occurs during puberty?
physical development, hormonal changes, and sexual maturation
When does the peak height velocity occur for girls?
age 12
When does peak height velocity occur for boys?
age 14
What enables faster neural processing for adolescence?
Growth of the myelin sheath
Respiratory System changes for adolescence
- increase in diameter and length of the lungs
- respiratory volume and vital capacity increase
Cardiovascular Changes
- size and strength of the heart increase
- systolic BP increase
- heart rate increase
Gastrointestinal Changes
- full set of permanent teeth
- liver, spleen, kidneys, and digestive tract enlarge
When does ossification of the skeletal system occur?
incomplete until late adolescence in boys and occurs earlier in girls
Integumentary System
- skin is thick and tough
- sebaceous glands are more active
- sweat glands function at adult level
Steps to improve communication w/ teens?
- no interruptions
- face to face
- ask why they feel the way they do
- be direct and honest
- don’t talk down to them
- don’t pretend to know all answers
- admit when you are wrong
- set fair rules
Who plays an essential role in the identity of adolescents?
peer groups
How to care for hospitalized adolescence?
- provide opportunities for adolescents to maintain independence
- allow participation in decisions
- encourage socialization w/ friends
Areas of focus to encourage G&D
- sports
- school activities
- safety issues
- proper nutrition
- healthy sleep
- personal care
- healthy sexual life
- appropriate discipline
Safety Concerns for Adolescence
- unintentional injuries
- motor vehicle safety
- firearm safety
- water safety
Nutritional Requirements are?
- increased due to accelerated growth and sexual maturation
- increase zinc, calcium, and iron
Factors that Influence Diet
- peer pressure
- busy schedules
- concern about weight control
- conveniences of fast food
Promoting Proper Hygiene
- encourage frequent bathing and deodorant use
- wash face 2-3 times a day
- discourage squeezing acne and vigorous scrubbing
- encourage frequent shampooing
- teach care for body piercings and tattoos
- discourage sun tanning
Risk of Unhealthy Romantic Relationships
- dating violence
- risky sexual activities (STI’s)
- premature pregnancy
What will we teach teens about dating and sexual intercourse?
- your choice
- pregnancy, STI, HIV, abstinence
- violence is not ok
Developmental Concerns
- violence
- suicide
- homicide
- substance abuse
