TMJ Flashcards
TMJ ROM
Full opening: 40-60mmLateral deviation: 8-12mmProtrusion: 3-6mm
To which surface of the joint is the disc more attached to?
Convex surface of the mandibular condyle
What are the disc’s medial/lateral attachments?
Medial collateral ligaments and lateral collateral ligaments connect the disc to the medial and lateral poles of the condyle
What are the disc’s posterior attachments?
The disc is continuous with the posterior attachment
What are the disc’s anterior attachments?
The disc is attached to the joint capsule and the superior lateral pterygoid
What type of joint is the TMJ and what motions does it do?
Modified hinge; Anterior gliding and hinge-like rotation
What are the two phases of mouth opening?
Phase 1: First 10-15mm, rotation occurs in this phase.Phase 2: After 15mm, the head of the mandible and the articular disc glide anteriorly.
What is functional opening?
About 40mm
What muscles contribute to mouth closing?
TemporalisMasseterMedial pterygoid
What muscles contribute to protrusion?
Medial pterygoidLateral pterygoid
What muscles contribute to retrusion?
Posterior fibers of temporalis
What muscles contribute to mouth opening?
Lateral ptyergoid
Digastric
Stylohyoid
However, gravity does most of the work here.
TMJ joint noises and what they might mean
Clicking: disc dysfunction and/or hyper mobility
Grinding: arthritis
3 diagnostic categories
Joint abnormalities
Congenital structure abnormalities
Idiopathic loss of functional mobility
Synovitis and capsulitis s/sx
Pain in the pre auricular area
Unable to close back teeth together
Openning
TMJ hypermobility s/sx
“my jaw feels like it’s going out of place”
Joint noises
Joint catching while in the open position
Mandibular depression >40mm and deviation toward the noninvolved side
Palpable irregularities with closing
Disc displacement with reduction s/sx
Popping and clicking with mouth opening and closing
Reciprocal click
Disc displacement without reduction s/sx
Intermittent locking w/o joint noises
Opening limited to 20-25mm with deflection toward involved side
Limited lateral excursion toward the contralateral side
Treatments for TMJ dysfunction
Postural reeducation Modalities for pain Inflammation reduction Biofeedback Joint mobs AROM and muscle strengthening Edu re: eating soft foods, decreasing habits that stress the TMJ, maintaining the rest position of the tongue
