Cranial Nerves Flashcards
What is Cranial Nerve 1
Olfactory nerve
What happens with loss of CN I
Anosmia (loss of sense of smell)
What is CN II?
Optic Nerve
What is the function of CNII?
sight pupillary reflexes
What happens with damage to CN II?
Monocular blindness, loss of pupillary constriction, absence of blink reflex
What is CN III?
Occulomotor
What is the function of CN III?
Elevates upper eyelid, moves eye (superior, medial and inferior rectus, inferior oblique)
What happens with damage to CN III?
ptosiss (drooping eyelid), dilation of pupil, loss of accommodation of the light reflex
What is CN IV?
Trochlear
What is the function of CN IV?
Innervates superior oblique muscle
What happens with damage to CN IV?
diplopia, failure to rotate eye up and out
What is CN V?
Trigeminal Nerve
What is the function of CN V?
mastication and sensory nerve for the head
What happens with damage to CN V?
Loss of facial sensation, weakness of the muscles of mastication, deviation of opened jaw to ipsilateral side
What is CN VI?
Abducens
What is the function of CN VI?
Innervates the lateral rectus musle, abducts the eye
What happens with damage to CN VI?
diplopia, medial strabismus, abductor paralysis of ipsilateral eye
What is CN VII?
Facial Nerve
What is the function of CN VII?
facial expression, speech articulation, winking, ingestion of food and drink, taste, salivary and nasal secretions
What happens with damage to CN VII?
ipsilateral facial paralysis, dry mouth, loss of taste on ANT 1/3 of tongue (Bells Palsy)
What is CN VIII?
Vestibularcochlear
What is the function of CN VII?
maintenance of equilibrium, hearing
What happens with damage to CN VIII?
vertigo, nystagmus, dysequilibrium, tinnitus, loss of hearing
What is CN IX?
Glossopharyngeal
What is the function of CN IX?
elevates pharynx, salivary secretion, taste
What happens with damage to CN IX?
slight dysphagia, partial dry mouth, loss of taste posterior 1/3 of tongue
What is CN X?
Vagus nerve
What is the function of CN X?
phonation, visceral sensations and reflexes, cardiac depressor, bronchoconstrictor, GI perstalsis and secretion
What happens with damage to CN X?
palpitation (forcible pulsation of the heart)
What is CN XI?
Accessory nerve
What is the function of CN XI?
deglutition (swallowing) and phonation (carotid part) movements of head and shoulders (spinal part)
What is CN XII?
Hypoglossal nerve
What is the function of CN XII?
tongue movements
What happens with damage to the hypoglossal nerve?
unilateral paralysis of the tongue, deviation to the ipsilateral side with protrusion
