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Tissues (Muscle & Nervous) Flashcards

1
Q

Function is to contract, or shorten, to produce movement

A

Muscle Tissue

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2
Q

3 types of muscle tissue

A

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

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3
Q

Packaged by connective tissue sheets into ___ muscles, which are attached to the skeleton and pull-on bones or skin

A

Skeletal

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4
Q

Voluntarily

Produces gross body movements or facial expressions

Peripherally located

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

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5
Q

Striations (stripes)
Multinucleate (more than one nucleus)
Long, cylindrical shape

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

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6
Q

muscle to bone

A

Tendon

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7
Q

bone to bone

A

Ligament

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8
Q

Involuntarily controlled

Found only in the heart

Pumps blood through blood vessels

Central

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

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9
Q

Striations

One nucleus per cell

Short, branching cells
Intercalated discs contain gap junctions to connect cells together

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

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10
Q

Involuntarily controlled

Found in walls of hollow organs such as stomach, uterus, and blood vessels

Peristalsis, a wavelike activity, is a typical activity

Centrally located

A

Smooth (visceral) muscle tissue

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11
Q

No visible striations

One nucleus per cell

Spindle-shaped cells

A

Smooth (visceral) muscle tissue

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12
Q

Nervous Tissue function is to receive and conduct electrochemical impulses to and from body parts
(I, C)

A

Irritability

Conductivity

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13
Q

Nervous tissue contains two categories of cells:

A

neurons and neuroglia (glial cells)

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14
Q

Nervous tissue Found in the:

A

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

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15
Q

Consists of projections of cytoplasm surrounded by membrane

A

Dendrites and Axon

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16
Q

Contains nucleus

Site of general cell functions

A

Cell body

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17
Q

receive action potentials

shorter than axons

have multiple branches

A

Dendrites

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18
Q

conducts potentials away from the cell body

much longer than dendrites

A

Axon

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19
Q

3 neurons

M, B, P

A

Multipolar
Bipolar
Pseudounipolar

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20
Q

Support cells of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves

Nourish, protects, and insulate neurons

A

Glia

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21
Q

The neuron consists of dendrites, a cell body, and a long axon; glia, or support cells, surround the neurons

Neurons transmit information in the form of action potentials, store “information,” and integrate and evaluate data; glia support, protect, and form specialized sheaths around axons

A

Multipolar Neuron Structure

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22
Q

The neuron consists of a cell body with one axon

Conducts action potentials from the periphery to the brain or spinal cord

A

Pseudo-Unipolar Neuron

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23
Q

 Wound Healing

A

Tissue Repair

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24
Q

Tissue Repair occurs in two ways

R & F

A
  1. Regeneration

2. Fibrosis

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25
Replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells
Regeneration
26
Repair by dense (fibrous) connective tissue (scar tissue)
Fibrosis
27
Whether regeneration or fibrosis occurs depends on:
1. Type of tissue damaged | 2. Severity of the injury
28
* Capillaries become very permeable * Clotting proteins migrate into the area from the bloodstream * A clot walls off the injured area
Inflammation sets the stage
29
* Growth of new capillaries * Phagocytes dispose of blood clot and fibroblasts * Rebuild collagen fibers
Granulation tissue forms
30
* Scab detaches | * Whether scar is visible or invisible depends on severity of wound
Regeneration and fibrosis effect permanent repair
31
Tissues that regenerate easily | E, F, B
Epithelial tissue | Fibrous connective tissues Bone
32
Tissues that regenerate poorly | S
Skeletal muscle
33
Tissues that are replaced largely with scar tissue | C, N
Cardiac muscle | Nervous tissue
34
Connective tissue remains mitotic and forms ___
repair (scar) tissue
35
Nervous tissue becomes ___ shortly after birth
amitotic
36
tumor both benign and cancerous, represent abnormal cell masses in which normal controls on cell division are not working
Neoplasms
37
hypertrophy increase in size of a tissue or organ may occur when tissue is strongly stimulated or irritated
Hyperplasia
38
decrease in size of a tissue or organ occurs when the organ is no longer stimulated normally
Atrophy
39
* Thin sheet of tissue that covers a structure or line a cavity * Formed from a superficial epithelial tissue and connective tissue on which it rests
Tissue membrane
40
4 classifications of Tissue Membrane
Skin Mucous Serous Synovial
41
* Epithelial cells * Basement membrane * Lamina propria * Smooth muscles
Mucous
42
* Line cavities that do not open to the exterior and do not contain glans but do secret fluid * Mesothelium
Serous
43
* Formed by connective tissue * Line joint cavities (freely movable joints) * Secrete a lubricating fluid-synovial fluid * Injecting hyaluronic acid
Synovial
44
Dry membrane Outermost protection boundary
Cutaneous membrane
45
is composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Epidermis
46
is mostly dense (fibrous) connective tissue
Dermis
47
Lines all the body cavities that open to the exterior body surface Adapted from absorption or secretion
Mucous membrane
48
Thick layer of loose connective tissue
Lamina Propria
49
Line cavities that do not open to the exterior of the body
Serous membrane
50
3 components Serous membrane | S, B, L
Mesothelium (SiSE) Basement mebrane Loose connective tissue
51
Line freely moveable joints | Made up of only connective tissue
Synovial membrane
52
Produce synovial fluid
Rich in hyaluronic acid making the joint very slippery thus facilitating smooth movement within the joint.
53
involves a response that isolates injurious agents from the rest of the body and destroys the injurious agent
Inflammation
54
Inflammation does not mean you have ___
infection
55
Infection means you have __
inflammation
56
5 symptoms of inflammation
``` Redness Heat Swelling Pain Disturbed function ```
57
Redness also know as
erythema
58
Heat also know as
calor
59
Swelling also know as
edema
60
Pain also know as
dolor
61
Replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells
Regeneration
62
cells cannot replicate. if killed, permanent tissue is repaired by replacement cells example: neurons, heart cell, erythrocytes
Permanent
63
cells do not ordinarily divide after growth is complete but can regenerate if necessary cells example: liver, endocrine glands
Stable
64
cells divide throughout life and can undergo regeneration cells example: epidermis, epithelia of ducts, hepatocytes
Labile
65
Repair by dense connective tissue
Fibrosis

ANAPHY (11 decks)

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