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Tissues (Epithelial & Connective) Flashcards

1
Q

• Groups of cells with similar structure and function

A

Tissues

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2
Q

– study of tissues

A

Histology

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3
Q

Four primary types of Tissues

E, C, M, N

A
  1. Epithelial tissue (epithelium)
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Muscle tissue
  4. Nervous tissue
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4
Q

How many layers is Simple

A

One layer

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5
Q

How many layers is Stratified

A

2 or more layer

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6
Q

3 shapes in simple and stratified layer:

S, C, C

A

Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar

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7
Q

Pseudostratified

A

Modify simple

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8
Q

Transitional

A

Modify stratified

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9
Q

shape in Pseudostratified

A

Columnar

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10
Q

shape in Transitional

A

Cuboidal to Columnar

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11
Q

3 types of Simple epithelium

A

 Simple squamous epithelium
 Simple cuboidal
 Simple columnar

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12
Q

4 types of Stratified epithelium

A

 Stratified squamous epithelium
 Stratified cuboidal
 Stratified columnar
 Stratified cuboidal & columnar

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13
Q

type of Transitional epithelium

A

 Modified stratified squamous epithelium

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14
Q

 Cover and line body surfaces

 Covers external body surface

A

epithelial tissues

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15
Q

 Often form sheets with one free surface, the apical surface, and an anchored surface, the basement membrane

A

epithelial tissues

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16
Q

Locations of Epithelial Tissue

BC, BL, GT

A
  • Body coverings
  • Body linings
  • Glandular tissue
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17
Q

Functions of Epithelial Tissue

P, A, F, S

A
  • Protection
  • Absorption
  • Filtration
  • Secretion
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18
Q

Avascular means

A

no blood supply

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19
Q

 Involved in the beginning formation of the gametes

A

epithelial tissues

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20
Q

 Regenerate easily if well nourished

A

epithelial tissues

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21
Q

refers to a wet to dry dressing can help with re-epithelialization of the wound

can be treatable

A

Bed sore

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22
Q

GLANDS composes 3 secreting parts:

E, E, D

A

Endocrine
Exocrine
Ducts

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23
Q

Duct

A

Exocrine

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24
Q

Produces hormones; ductless

A

Endocrine

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25
Q

carrying the secretion of a gland or oil

A

Ducts

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26
Q

flattened, like fish scales

A

Squamous

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27
Q

cube-shaped, like dice

A

Cuboidal

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28
Q

shaped like columns

A

Columnar

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29
Q

In simple epithelial tissues, it is a diffusion and filtration and also secretion in serous membranes

A

Squamous

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30
Q

In simple epithelial tissues, it is a secretion and absorption; ciliated types proper mucus or reproductive cells

A

Cuboidal and Columnar

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31
Q

In simple epithelial tissues, no simple transitional epithelium exists

A

Transitional

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32
Q

In stratified epithelial tissues, it is a protection

A

Squamous

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33
Q

In stratified epithelial tissues, it is a protection ; rare in humans

A

Cuboidal & Columnar

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34
Q

In stratified epithelial tissues, it is a protection; stretching to accommodate distension of urinary structures

A

Transitional

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35
Q
  • Functions in absorption, secretion, and filtration
  • Very thin
  • Not suited for protection
A

Simple epithelia

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36
Q

Single layer of flat cells

Functions in diffusion, filtration, or secretion in membranes

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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37
Q

Single layer of cubelike cells

Functions in secretion and absorption; ciliated types propel mucus or reproductive cells

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

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38
Q

hair-like projection that is helpful in mobilizing mucus

A

Ciliated

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39
Q

Single layer of tall cells

Functions in secretion and absorption; ciliated types propel mucus or reproductive cells

A

Simple columnar epithelium

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40
Q

 G__ cells secrete mucus

A

Goblet

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41
Q

Modification of simple epithelium
Single layer, but some cells are shorter than others giving a false (pseudo) impression of stratification

All cells rest on a basement membrane

Functions in absorption or secretion

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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42
Q
  • Consist of two or more cell layers

* Function primarily in protection

A

Stratified epithelia

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43
Q

Most common stratified epithelium

Named for cells present at the free (apical) surface, which are squamous

Functions as a protective covering where friction is common

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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44
Q

change

primarily in the skin

composed of numerous layers of dead squamous cells

primarily in the skin

A

Keratinized

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45
Q

not marked by the formation to keratin

moist

mouth, throat, larynx, esophagus, anus, vagina, inferior urethra, cornea

A

Nonkeratinized

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46
Q

two layers of cuboidal cells

functions in protection

A

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

47
Q

surface cells are columnar, and cells underneath vary in size and shape

functions in protection

A

Stratified columnar epithelium

48
Q

Rare in human body

Found mainly in ducts of large glands

A

Stratified cuboidal and columnar

49
Q

Composed of modified stratified squamous epithelium

Shape of cells depends upon the amount of stretching

Functions in stretching and the ability to return to normal shape

A

Transitional epithelium

50
Q

One or more cells responsible for secreting a particular product

Secretions contain protein molecules in an aqueous (water-based) fluid

A

Glandular epithelia

51
Q

contain protein molecules in an aqueous (water-based) fluid

is an active process

A

Secretions

52
Q

Ability to stretch and return to normal place

A

Transitional epithelium

53
Q

2 major gland types develop from epithelial sheets (E, E)

A

Endocrine glands

Exocrine glands

54
Q

Ductless

secretions (hormones) diffuse into blood vessels

A

Endocrine glands

55
Q

type of glands include thyroid, adrenals, and pituitary

A

Endocrine glands

56
Q

type of glands that is Hormones / Ductless

A

Endocrine glands

57
Q

Secretions empty through ducts to the epithelial surface

A

Exocrine glands

58
Q

type of glands include sweat and oil glands, liver, and pancreas (both internal and external)

A

Exocrine glands

59
Q

type of glands that is Duct

A

Exocrine glands

60
Q

in Exocrine glands, two ducts of Multicellular glands

S & C

A

Simple glands

Compound glands

61
Q

single not branched duct

A

Simple glands

62
Q

multiple branched ducts

A

Compound glands

63
Q

in Exocrine glands, Simple glands & Compound glands are defined by the shape of the secretory regions
(T & A/A)

A

 Tubular

 Acinar or alveolar

64
Q

the cell called in Unicellular glands

A

Goblet cells

65
Q

in Exocrine glands, the 3 types of secretion are:

M, A, H

A

Merocrine
Apocrine
Holocrine

66
Q

Sweat glands and pancreas

67
Q

Mammary glands

68
Q

Sebaceous (oil) glands

69
Q

Found everywhere in the body to connect body parts

A

Connective Tissue

70
Q

Includes the most abundant and widely distributed tissues

A

Connective Tissue

71
Q

Connective Tissue Functions

P, S, B

A

Protection
Support
Binding

72
Q

2 Characteristics of connective tissue

Vbs, ECM

A

Extracellular matrix Extracellular matrix

73
Q

Some tissue types are well vascularized

Some have a poor blood supply or are avascular

A

Extracellular matrix

74
Q

Nonliving material that surrounds living cells

A

Extracellular matrix

75
Q

2 main elements of the extracellular matrix

A

Ground substance

Fibers

76
Q

in one of the elements of the extracellular matrix which is mostly water, along with adhesion proteins and polysaccharide molecules (GS)

A

Ground substance

77
Q

3 main types of fibers:

C, E, R

A

Collagen fibers
Elastic fibers
Reticular fibers

78
Q

white fibers

A

Collagen fibers

79
Q

yellow fibers

A

Elastic fibers

80
Q

one type of fiber which is also a type of collagen

A

Reticular fibers

81
Q

2 types of Embryonic Connective Tissue

A

a. Mesenchyme

b. Mucous connective tissue (Wharton’s Jelly)

82
Q

Mucous connective tissue is also called ?

WJ

A

Wharton’s Jelly

83
Q

provide cushion, protection, and structural support to umbilical vessels by preventing their compression, torsion, and bending

A

Wharton’s jelly

84
Q

Types of adult connective tissue
(from most rigid to most fluid)
(B, C, D, L, B,)

A 
Bone
Cartilage
Dense connective tissue
Loose connective tissue
Blood
85
Q

Bone is also called?

A

osseous tissue

86
Q

Bone is composed of

A

Osteocytes

87
Q

Bone is composed of osteocytes sitting in ___

88
Q

lacunae is a

89
Q

Osteocytes is a

A

bone cells

90
Q

Functions to protect and support the body

91
Q

Less hard and more flexible than bone

Found in only a few places in the body

92
Q

a cartilage cell which is the major cell type

A

Chondrocyte

93
Q

3 Types of Cartilage

H, F, E

A
  • Hyaline cartilage
  • Fibrocartilage
  • Elastic cartilage
94
Q

Most widespread type of cartilage

Abundant collagen fibers hidden by a glassy, rubbery matrix

A

Hyaline cartilage

95
Q

Provides elasticity

Location: supports the external ear

A

Elastic cartilage

96
Q

Highly compressible

Location: forms cushion like discs between vertebrae of the spinal column

A

Fibrocartilage

97
Q

Dense fibrous tissue

Main matrix element is collagen fiber

A

Dense connective tissue

98
Q

are cells that make fibers

A

Fibroblasts

99
Q

3 Locations Dense connective tissue

T, L, D

A

Tendons
Ligaments
Dermis

100
Q

attach skeletal muscle to bone

101
Q

attach bone to bone at joints

are more elastic than tendons

102
Q

lower layers of the skin

103
Q

Softer, have more cells and fewer fibers than other connective tissues
(except blood)

A

Loose connective tissue

104
Q

3 types Loose connective tissue

A

Areolar
Adipose
Reticular

105
Q

Most widely distributed connective tissue

Soft, pliable tissue like “cobwebs”

Functions as a universal packing tissue and “glue” to hold organs in place

A

Areolar connective tissue

106
Q

one of the types of Loose connective tissue all fiber types form a loose network

Can soak up excess fluid (causes edema)

A

Areolar connective tissue

107
Q

Layer of areolar tissue underlies all membranes

A

lamina propria

108
Q

An areolar tissue in which adipose (fat) cells dominate

Functions
•Insulates the body
•Protects some organs
•Serves as a site of fuel storage

A

Adipose connective tissue

109
Q

Delicate network of interwoven fibers with reticular cells (like fibroblasts)

A

Reticular connective tissue

110
Q

Reticular connective tissue forms (internal framework) of organs
(S)

111
Q

Reticular connective tissue is located at

Ln, S, Bm

A
  • Lymph nodes
  • Spleen
  • Bone marrow
112
Q

vascular tissue

Soluble fibers are visible only during clotting

113
Q

Blood cells surrounded by fluid matrix known as

A

blood plasma

114
Q

Blood functions as the transport vehicle for the cardiovascular system, carrying:
(N, W, Rg)

A

o Nutrients
o Wastes
o Respiratory gases

ANAPHY (11 decks)

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