Tissues - Epithelium

Question 1

What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelia?

Answer 1

Absorption and secretion

Question 2

What is the function of simple columnar epithelia?

Answer 2

Absorption and secretion

Question 3

What are globlet cells?

Answer 3

Single celled Gland that secretes mucus

Question 4

Where are globlet cells normally found?

Answer 4

Simple columnar and pseudostratified

Question 5

What is the function of stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium?

Answer 5

Protection against abrasion and wear

Question 6

What is the function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 6

Cilia transport things along the apical surface of the cell membranes

Question 7

Shape of top layer of cells and nuclei: simple squamous

Answer 7

Flat cells

Nuclei bulge at apical surface

Question 8

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 8

Allows rapid transport/exchange of fluids and gases, simple barrier

Question 9

Shape of top layer of cells and nuclei: stratified squamous non keratinised

Answer 9

Flat surface cells

Nuclei may bulge at apical surface of cell

Question 10

Shape of top layer of cells and nuclei: simple columnar

Answer 10

Columnar cells

Nuclei sausage shaped and sit towards the basal surface

Question 11

Shape of top layer of cells and nuclei: pseudostratified columnar

Answer 11

Columnar cells

Nuclei positioned at many different levels and may exhibit different shapes

Question 12

Shape of top layer of cells and nuclei: simple cuboidal

Answer 12

Cuboidal cells
Rounded nuclei
Microvilli sometimes present

Question 13

What are the different domains of epithelium?

Answer 13

Apical
Lateral
Basal

Question 14

Where is simple cuboidal epithelium found?

Answer 14

• surface of the ovary
• kidney tubules
• thyroid follicles

Question 15

Where is simple squamous epithelium found?

Answer 15

• blood vessels
• kidneys
• lungs

Question 16

Where is pseudostratified columnar epithelium found?

Answer 16

• trachea and bronchi

- vas deferens and epididymis

Question 17

Where is stratified squamous (keratinised) epithelium found?

Answer 17

• epidermis

Question 18

Where is stratified squamous (non-keratinised) epithelium found?

Answer 18

• oral cavity
• oesophagus
• vagina

Question 19

What is the function of transitional epithelium?

Answer 19

Stretches to allow distension of the urinary tract, protects underlying tissues from osmotic damage from urine

Question 20

What characterises transitional epithelium?

Answer 20

Binucleate cells on top layer

Question 21

What is a basement membrane?

Answer 21

• thin layer of intercellular material (50-100nm)

- manufactured by epithelium and comprised of various proteins

Question 22

What are the functions of a basal membrane?

Answer 22

• structural attachment

- semi-permeable selective barrier

Question 23

How is the basal membrane connected?

Answer 23

• hemidesmosomes

- underlying layer of connective tissue fibres

Question 24

Which cells have cilia on apical surface?

Answer 24

• pseudostratified

- simplecolumnar

Question 25

What makes up a brush border?

Answer 25

Microvilli

Question 26

What are the functions of the lateral domain of epithelium?

Answer 26

• resists stress
• controls what can go into the cell (barrier)
• communication between cells

Question 27

Cells of non-keratinised stratified squamous

Answer 27

• nuclei bulge at apical surface

Question 28

Cells of keratinised stratified squamous

Answer 28

• no nuclei