Hormonal Control

Question 1

What is the action of peptide hormones?

Answer 1

• bind to membrane-bound receptors
• require action of a second messenger
• second messenger often involves a number of proteins, grouped together known as G-proteins
• this leads to cellular affects that change how the cell functions

Question 2

Steroid hormone action:

Answer 2

• receptors are intracellular receptors
• steroid hormones have no trouble crossing the cell and nuclear membranes
• receptor hormone complex becomes a transcription factor (changes transcription of a specific gene)

Question 3

What are the four types of hormone transport?

Answer 3

Endocrine
Paracrine
Auto crine
Exocrine

Question 4

What is the endocrine action?

Answer 4

Hormone producing cell or tissue synthesises amd secretes hormone which travels via the bloodstream, can travel great distances

Question 5

What is the paracrine action?

Answer 5

Hormone secreting cell or tissue produces its hormone which travels through interstitial and fluid usually by diffusion, activates a cell nearby

Question 6

What is the autocrine action?

Answer 6

Cell producing the hormone also has the receptor, the hormone acts on the same cell/cell type
Eg. Estradiol secreted by follicle

Question 7

What is the exocrine action?

Answer 7

Secretion of a substance through a duct or a tube, transport through the tube to the target organ

Question 8

What are the differences between male and female gamete production?

Answer 8

Female is episodic

Male is continuous

Question 9

How are they difference in male and female fertility reflected in the feedback mechanisms?

Answer 9

Male: -ve feed back
Female: -ve and +ve feedback