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ANHB1101 > Anatomical Terms > Flashcards

Anatomical Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the anatomical position

A
  • standing erect with both feet flat on the floor
  • feet slightly apart
  • face facing forwards
  • upper limbs by side with palms facing forwards
  • all joints of the body in the fully extended position
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2
Q

Describe the prone position

A

The body is lying facedown

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3
Q

Describe the supine position

A

The body is lying faceup

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4
Q

Anterior

A
  • ventral

- towards the front

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5
Q

Posterior

A
  • dorsal

- towards the back

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6
Q

Superior

A
  • cranial

- towards the head

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7
Q

Inferior

A
  • caudal

- towards the ground

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8
Q

Medial

A

Towards the midline of the body

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9
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline of the body

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10
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side of the body as another structure

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11
Q

Contralateral

A

On the opposite side of the body from another structure

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12
Q

Superficial

A

Towards the surface

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13
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface

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14
Q

Proximal

A

Situated near a point of attachment

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15
Q

Distal

A

Situated further from a point of attachment

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16
Q

Intermediate

A

Between two structures

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17
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Runs vertically and divides the body into right and left portions

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18
Q

Midsagittal (median) plane

A

Runs vertically and divides the body into equal left and right portions

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19
Q

Parasagittal plane

A

Runs vertically and divides the body into unequal left and right portions

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20
Q

Frontal (coronal) planes

A

Run vertically and divide the body into anterior and posterior portions

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21
Q

Transverse/horizontal planes

A

Run parallel to the ground and divides the body into superior and inferior portions

22
Q

Oblique plane

A

Passes through the body or an organ at an oblique angle (any angle other than 90 degrees)

23
Q

Pectoral girdle

A

Clavicle: long
Scapular: flat

24
Q

Upper limbs

A 
Humerus: long
Ulna: long
Radius: long
Carpals: short
Metacarpals: long
Phalanges: long
25
Q

Pelvic girdle

A

Coral bones: irregular

26
Q

Lower limbs

A 
Femur: long
Patella: sesamoid
Fibula: long
Tibia: long
Tarsals: short
Metatarsals: long
Phalanges: long
27
Q

What is the total number of bones in the body?

A

206

28
Q

Flexion

A

Sagittal

Movement towards the ventral surface of the body. Usually decreases the joint angle.

29
Q

Extension

A

Sagittal

Movement towards the dorsal surface of the body. Usually increases the joint angle.

30
Q

Hyper extension

A

Sagittal

Extension movement which goes pasty the fully extended position (ie pasts is anatomical position)

31
Q

Abduction

A

Frontal

Movement away from the median plane

32
Q

Adduction

A

Frontal

Movement towards the median plane

33
Q

Rotation

A

Transverse

Movement of a bone where it spins on its longitudinal axis

34
Q

Circumduction

A

Multiple

Movement of the long segment where the proximal end remains stationary and the distal end describes a circle

35
Q

Pronation

A

Transverse

A special movement of the forearm where the pal is turned to face posteriorly

36
Q

Supination

A

Transverse

A special movement of the forearm where the palm is turned to face anteriorly

37
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Sagittal

Movement of the foot in the sagittal plane where the toes are lifted off the ground

38
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Sagittal

Movement of the foot in the sagittal plane to stand on the toes

39
Q

Elevation

A

Frontal

Movement which raises a body part

40
Q

Depression

A

Frontal

Movement which lowers a body part

41
Q

Eversion

A

Frontal

Movement where the lateral side of the foot is raised off the ground

42
Q

Inversion

A

Frontal

Movement where the medial side of the foot is raised off the ground

43
Q

Prostration

A

Transverse

Movement where a body part is moved anteriorly

44
Q

Retraction

A

Transverse

Movement where a body part is moved posteriorly

45
Q

What is an example of a synovial joint?

A

Knee
Elbow
Hip
Shoulder

46
Q

What is an example of a cartilaginous joint?

A

Attachment of first rub and sternum

Pubic symphysis

47
Q

What is an example of a fibrous joint?

A

Structure between skull bones

Joint between tibia and fibula

48
Q

What is an example of a bony joint?

A

Fusion of epiphyses and diaphyses of long bones

49
Q

What is an example of flexion that does not occur in the sagittal plane?

A

Flexion of the thumb

Lateral flexion of the torso

50
Q

Which movements produce circumduction?

A

Flexion, abduction, extension, adduction and rotation

ANHB1101 (20 decks)

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